The sustainable management for solid wastes of the construction and demolition waste stimulates searching for safety applications for these wastes. The aim of this research is recycling of construction and demolition waste with some different types of polymeric resins to be used in manufacturing process of polymer mortar or polymer concrete, and studying their mechanical and physical properties, and also Specify how the values of compressive strength and the density are affected via the different parameters. In this research two types of construction and demolition waste were used as aggregates replacement (i.e. waste cement/concrete debris, and the waste blocks) while the two types of polymer resins (i.e. Unsaturated polyester and Epoxy) as cement replacements. The used weight percentages of the resins were changed within (1°, 20, 25 and 30) % to manufacture this polymer concrete.

The recycling and reusing of waste materials to produce suitable materials is very important subjects to scientific research in world now, because the decrease natural resources and create a hole or risk in future of the world. The aim of our research to produce polymer concrete (PC) has high mechanical and physical characteristic. This PC was prepared by using the waste of aggregates and demolitions to make PC have good mechanical and physical characteristic with low cost as compared as cement concrete. In this research different types of construction and demolition waste were used as aggregates replacement (i.e. waste of cement/concrete debris, waste of ceramics and the waste of blocks) while the type of polymer resins (i.e. Epoxy) as cement replacements. The weight percentages of resin were changed within (20, 25 and 30) % to manufacture this polymer concrete. The tests we done like physical such as den-sity and mechanical such as compressive strength, flexural strength. Splitting tensile strength and Schmidt hammer rebound hardness.

Many methods can be adopted to reduce the environmental pollution that is caused by production of Portland cement and the increase of the waste materials. The aim of current study is to produce polymer mortar (PM) with high mechanical and physical characteristics compared to the traditional concrete. This PC was prepared by using the waste of aggregates from demolition and construction materials with low cost as compared as Portland cement concrete (PCC). In this research, three types of constructions and demolitions waste were used as aggregates replacement named waste of cement/concrete debris (CO), waste of ceramics (CR), and the waste of blocks (BL) as well as natural sand (NS) and river sand (RS) were used. The two types of polymer resins are unsaturated polyester (UP) and Epoxy (EP). These resins were utilized as binder instead of Portland cement. The weight percentages of resins were changed within 20%, 25%, and 30 % to manufacture this polymer mortar. Some physical and mechanical tests were performed these tests included; the bulk density, compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength, and Schmidt hammer. In general, it is found that the PM produced from UP with better properties than the other which is prepared from EP.

Baghdad, Iraq, is among the most polluted cities in the Middle East, yet it lacks a public PM2.5 monitoring network. This study analyzed eight years (2017–2024; n = 416) of gravimetric PM2.5 measurements and their relationship with five meteorological parameters using Pearson, Spearman, and Kendall correlations, a pooled analysis under stable and disturbed conditions, and a comparison with daily U.S. Embassy data. Significant correlations occurred in five of eight years, but only in 2019 (negative with wind speed) and 2022 (positive with temperature and negative with humidity during dust storms) were they consistent across all three methods. In the pooled data, PM2.5 was ~45% higher under stable than disturbed conditions, decreased non-linearly with wind speed, and was higher under northerly winds; the highest episodes were linked to transported dust rather than strong local winds. The monthly series showed no robust trend after correction for autocorrelation (Mann–Kendall p = 0.21), and same-day gravimetric and Embassy concentrations were moderately correlated (r = 0.52). Thus, day-to-day meteorology influences PM2.5 at this site only episodically, unlike the persistent associations reported for humid megacities, whereas the synoptic regime and pollutant transport play a larger role. Sustained emission reduction and continuous monitoring are urgently needed.