This paper presents the distribution of electric field inside a human head as well as around the electromagnetic field source, i.e. the mobile phone. Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), which is obtained inside a human head and the thermal effect due to exposure to electric field from mobile phone was presented. For this research two different models of human head have been used. In the first case electromagnetic parameters of biological tissues of human head were modeled with a volumetric interpolation function that estimates the characteristics of a given tissue inside the human head while in the second case model with layers was used. The layers represent human head parts (skin, fat tissue, muscles, the skull, and the brain). The parts of the human head are based on their electromagnetic properties (conductivity, electric permittivity, and magnetic permeability). In order to obtain the electric field distribution for different cross-sections, the numerical calculation based on the Finite Integration Technique (FIT) and Finite Element Method (FEM) was performed.

The frequent use of mobile phones in children causes public concern over possible harmful effects of electromagnetic radiation. In this paper, a numerical analysis based on the finite element method has been performed in order to assess the absorbed EM energy in the child head originating from a mobile phone at 1.8 GHz and 2.1 GHz. A realistic head model composed of specially shaped parts with different EM characteristics corresponding to a seven-year-old has been developed for that purpose. The results of the SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) distribution for the particular cross-sections and directions are presented and discussed.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to determine the impact of human age on the distribution of electric field and absorbed energy that originates from a mobile phone. Design/methodology/approach: This research was performed for frequencies of 900, 1800 and 2100 MHz, which are used in a mobile communication system. To obtain the most accurate results, 3 D realistic model of the child’s head has been created whereby the dimensions of this model correspond to the dimensions of a seven-year-old child. Distribution of the electric field and specific absorption rate (SAR) through the child’s head was obtained by numerical analysis based on the finite integration technique. Findings: The results discover that amount of absorbed energy is greater in the surface layers of the child’s head model when the electromagnetic (EM) characteristics of tissues are adjusted for the child. This deviation corresponds to different EM characteristics of biological tissues and organs of an adult person compared to a child. Research limitations/implications: The study deals with penetrated electrical field and absorbed EM field energy. There is space for further studies of other EM field effects (e.g. thermal effects). Practical implications: The analysis of obtained results leads to idea that mobile phones and devices aimed for children using should be modified to provide SAR values inside prescribed standards. Social implications: The obtained results are foundation for future research on influence of EM fields of mobile devices on human health. Originality/value: The proposed procedure offers the model for accurate estimation and quality analysis of SAR and EM field distribution inside child head tissue.