Background. Hydatid cyst is an endemic disease frequently localized to the liver. It is frequently observed in Southeast Europe, Middle East, and Turkey. Although the cyst rupture can occur spontaneously, it can also occur upon albendazole treatment. Its surgical treatment includes cystotomy, capitonnage, and wedge resection. Material-Method. A 56-year-old male immigrant was admitted with fever, pain, and cough. Albendazole treatment was initiated and elective surgery was planned. Upon his admission to emergency service, he was diagnosed with pneumonia, and a spontaneous cyst rupture was detected. Result. Thoracotomy and cystotomy were performed. Bile leakage aspiration and lung wedge resection were also performed. Conclusion. Different surgical methods are used in the treatment of hydatid cysts depending on the localization and complications. Follow-up with antihelminthic drugs such as albendazole and mebendazole is recommended in medical treatment.

Rectal hemorrhage should be evaluated within a wide spectrum ranging from benign diseases to a malignant process. Especially, the melanomas of rectum are detected at an advanced stage when diagnosed since the present symptoms of rectal melanomas are similar. The question of what will be the surgical approach with MR, CT, and PET-CT imaging methods performed after histopathological diagnosis still conserves its topicality. PET-CT is a good imaging method for determination of distant metastasis and lymphatic involvement. In the present case, a patient with early-stage rectal melanoma was treated with APR. No relapse/metastasis was detected during the 18-month follow-up. The aggressive course of the disease and its low response rates to medical treatments may cause the surgical approaches to be more extensive.

Angiosarcomas originating from the gastrointestinal tract are rare but highly aggressive tumors with poor prognosis. These tumors can be misdiagnosed as benign and malignant gastrointestinal tract lesions. The definitive histological diagnosis of angiosarcomasis made by pathologists based on immunohistochemical analysis demonstrating cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), factor VIII-related antigen (FVIIIRAg), erythroblast transformation specific related gene (ERG), and cluster of differentiation 34 (CD34). Angiosarcomas are treated with a single or multimodality approach that may include resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and palliative care, depending on the stage of disease and the condition of the patient. No matter the treatment option, metastasis and death rates are substantially highin patients with angiosarcoma. In this context, a 59-year-old male with synchronous double primary angiosarcoma arising from the gastric and rectum who presented with the complaint of abdominal pain and distention to the outpatient clinic is presented in this case report, along with a brief literature review.

Colorectal cancer is a common and often fatal malignancy, and predicting survival can help guide treatment decisions. This study aimed to investigate the impact of clinicopathological characteristics and nutritional status on survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer receiving first-line treatment with 5-fluorouracil in combination with monoclonal antibodies (bevacizumab, cetuximab, or panitumumab). This prospective, non-interventional, observational, single-center study included 150 adult patients with metastatic colorectal cancer undergoing first-line therapy. Demographic data, cancer-related characteristics, laboratory parameters, and nutritional status assessed via the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form were recorded prior to treatment initiation. Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form scores of 12-14, 8-11, and 0-7 were used to define normal nutritional status, risk of malnutrition, and malnutrition, respectively. The mean ages of patients without and with malnutrition were 60±11 and 62±11 years, respectively. Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 12 and 22 months, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified alcohol history (HR=2.83; 95%CI 1.27-6.34; p=0.011) and Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form≤7 (HR=1.93; 95%CI 1.09-3.45; p=0.025) as significant predictors of shorter progression-free survival. Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form ≤7 (HR=2.96; 95%CI 1.80-4.89; p<0.001) was also significantly associated with decreased overall survival. Among patients with metastatic colorectal cancer receiving first-line therapy, malnutrition (Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form≤7) and a history of alcohol use were associated with poorer survival outcomes. These findings underscore the importance of routine nutritional assessment and support the need for further prospective multicenter studies to validate these results.

Background: The prognostic significance of low-level human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression in hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative (HR+/HER2−) metastatic breast cancer remains unclear, particularly in patients treated with cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of HER2-low status on treatment response and survival outcomes in this setting. Methods: This multicenter retrospective cohort study included patients with HR+/HER2− metastatic breast cancer who received first-line endocrine therapy combined with palbociclib or ribociclib between January 2018 and May 2025. HER2-low tumors were defined as immunohistochemistry (IHC) 1+ or 2+ with negative in situ hybridization, while HER2-zero tumors were classified as IHC 0. Treatment response, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared between groups using Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox regression models. Results: A total of 309 patients were analyzed, including 122 (39.5%) with HER2-low disease and 187 (60.5%) with HER2-zero disease. Baseline clinicopathological characteristics were well balanced between groups. The overall response rate was 75.4% in the HER2-low group and 72.7% in the HER2-zero group (p > 0.05). Median PFS was 23.9 months for HER2-low patients and 25.2 months for HER2-zero patients (log-rank p = 0.785). Median OS was 49.5 and 53.1 months, respectively, with no statistically significant difference (log-rank p = 0.649). HER2 status was not an independent predictor of PFS or OS in multivariable analyses. Conclusions: In patients with HR+/HER2− metastatic breast cancer treated with first-line endocrine therapy plus CDK4/6 inhibitors, HER2-low expression was not associated with differences in treatment response or survival outcomes. These findings suggest that HER2-low status does not have prognostic or predictive relevance in this endocrine-sensitive population.

The aim of this study was to describe the influence of HIV infection on the staging of gastric cancer by using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging. We treated a patient with local advanced gastric cancer. PET/CT showed an unusual hypermetabolic activity of lymph nodes, and the patient was later found to be HIV-positive. PET/CT scans in cancer staging of patients with chronic HIV infection may show advanced stage disease. Spread of primary tumor to unusual sites should be a warning sign for the possible concurrent diseases.