Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) play a critical role in numerous applications, and the accurate localization of sensor nodes is vital for their effective operation. In recent years, optimization algorithms have garnered significant attention as a means to enhance WSN node localization. This paper presents an in-depth exploration of the necessity of localization in WSN nodes and offers a comprehensive review of optimization algorithms used for this purpose. The review encompasses a diverse range of optimization techniques, including evolutionary algorithms, swarm intelligence, and metaheuristic approaches. Key factors, such as localization accuracy, scalability, computational complexity, and robustness, are systematically evaluated and compared across various optimization algorithms. Additionally, the paper sheds light on the strengths and limitations of each optimization approach and discusses their applicability in different WSN deployment scenarios. The insights provided in this review serve as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners seeking to optimize WSN node localization, thus promoting the efficient and reliable operation of WSNs in diverse real-world applications.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify and analyse the key factors influencing the adoption of e-government services and to discern their implications for various stakeholders, from policymakers to platform developers.Design/methodology/approach: Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and detailed analysis of multiple studies, this research organised the influential factors based on their effect: highest, direct and indirect. The study also integrated findings to present a consolidated view of e-government adoption drivers.Findings: The research found that users' behaviour, attitude, optimism bias and subjective norms significantly shape their approach to e-government platforms. Trust in e-Government (TEG) emerged as a critical determinant, with security perceptions being of paramount importance. Additionally, non-technical factors, such as cultural, religious and social influences, play a substantial role in e-government adoption decisions. The study also highlighted the importance of performance expectancy, effect expectancy and other determinants influencing e-government adoption.Originality/value: While numerous studies have explored e-government adoption, this research offers a novel classification based on the relative effects of each determinant. Integrating findings from diverse studies and emphasising non-technical factors introduce an interdisciplinary approach, bridging the gap between information technology and fields like sociology, anthropology and behavioural sciences. This integrative lens provides a fresh perspective on the topic, encouraging more holistic strategies for enhancing e-government adoption globally.

The Internet of Things' potential for major privacy invasion is a concern. This paper reports on a systematic literature review of privacy-preserving solutions appearing in the research literature and in the media. We analysed proposed solutions in terms of the techniques they deployed and the extent to which they satisfied core privacy principles. We found that very few solutions satisfied all core privacy principles. We also identified a number of key knowledge gaps in the course of the analysis. In particular, we found that most solution providers assumed that end users would be willing to expend effort to preserve their privacy; that they would be motivated to take action to ensure that their privacy was respected. The validity of this assumption needs to be proved, since it cannot simply be assumed that people would necessarily be willing to engage with privacy-preserving solutions. We suggest this as a topic for future research.