Modern society is complex and ever-changing. To adapt to this situation, the level of education must be continuously enhanced, and college students who are about to enter society are the group that needs the most attention. As a creative and effective teaching organizational form and teaching strategy, the cooperative learning method plays an important role in education and teaching. This article research aims to achieve the following two goals: 1) Compare students' learning abilities after the cooperative learning method and traditional teaching method. 2) Compare students’ core competencies after the cooperative learning method and traditional teaching method. The participants in this study were students studying physics at Guangxi Normal University for Nationalities in China. It includes a control group consisting of 30 students and an experimental group consisting of 30 students. The research tool used a Likert scale question, and the data were analyzed using normal distribution and standard deviation. The research results show that students' learning ability and core competencies after the cooperative learning method are better than traditional teaching method (P<0.01).

China's elderly population is on the rise, and there is a growing need for improved education for professionals in geriatric health care and management. "Age-Friendly Interior Design" is a mandatory component of the curriculum for students majoring in aged care and management. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) has been introduced as an innovative teaching model. The study aims to achieve several objectives:1) To compare the knowledge, skills, and interests of students after using Problem-Based Learning (PBL) against predefined criteria. 2) To compare the knowledge, skills, and interests of students after using the Traditional Teaching Method against predefined criteria, and 3)To compare the knowledge, skills, and interests of students after using Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and the Traditional Teaching Method. This research engaged students pursuing degrees in geriatric nursing and management at a university in Sichuan, China. It encompassed both a control group consisting of 42 students and an experimental group with 48 students. The findings indicated that both PBL and traditional teaching methods had a positive impact on enhancing students' knowledge, skills, and interests to some extent. Problem-based learning (PBL) was more effective in improving these aspects than traditional methods with a significance level of 0.05.

Limestone habitats in Southeast Asia often harbour narrowly distributed plant diversity, and several limestone-associated taxa of Boesenbergia require further taxonomic documentation. Field surveys and ex situ observations of living material from Loei Province, northeastern Thailand, revealed a distinctive Boesenbergia population associated with shaded limestone microhabitats. This study evaluates this population using comparative morphology, herbarium and literature comparisons, phenetic analyses based on 25 selected morphological characters, and a preliminary conservation assessment. Boesenbergia lamudiae Boonma, Saensouk & P.Saensouk, sp. nov., is described and illustrated. The species is morphologically most similar to B. burmanica Boonma, P.Saensouk & Saensouk, and resembles B. rotunda sensu lato in having a terminal inflorescence enclosed within the leaf sheaths and lacking an androecial cup. It differs by its broadly elliptic to ovate-elliptic laminae with an arachnoid abaxial surface, maroon lanceolate bracts, longer pubescent calyx with an acute to acuminate apex, non-saccate obovate labellum with a sharply delimited maroon transverse colour zone, larger anther crest, longer epigynous glands, and pubescent ovary. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) clustering based on Gower distance separated B. lamudiae from all compared operational units, supporting its morphological distinctiveness. The species is currently known only from Nong Hin District and is provisionally assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) under criterion D.

CIPP, as a decision-oriented new model of curriculum evaluation, is suitable for the evaluation needs of information-based physical education courses. The evaluation of teaching in information-based physical education courses based on the CIPP model is divided into four categories: context evaluation, input evaluation, process evaluation, and product evaluation. This study explores the evaluation system of information-based physical education courses to fully leverage the guiding function of course evaluation, aiming to better optimize the construction of information-based physical education courses and improve the quality of teaching in these courses.

Curcuma subgenus Hitcheniopsis (Zingiberaceae) comprises species valued for ornamental and medicinal uses in Southeast Asia, yet no comprehensive assessment has been conducted in Vietnam. This study provides the first integrative evaluation of Hitcheniopsis in Vietnam, combining species distribution modeling, field verification, herbarium examination, and Ornamental Value Index (OVI) analysis. Ten species were confirmed, including a new national record, C. rhabdota, with voucher specimens establishing its verified presence and extending the known range. Predicted habitat maps highlighted southern Vietnam and adjacent regions as suitable areas, guiding targeted surveys and conservation planning. Flowering occurred from April to September, with species occupying habitats from deciduous dipterocarp to dry evergreen forests. OVI analysis identified C. rhabdota, C. alismatifolia, and C. thorelii as species of high ornamental potential, supporting their use in horticultural breeding and potted ornamental production. Conservation assessments revealed that the endemic C. leonidii and C. pygmaea are Critically Endangered, C. rhabdota is Vulnerable, and C. sparganiifolia is Endangered, emphasizing the urgency of habitat protection and sustainable management. By linking verified diversity, phenology, ornamental value, and habitat modeling, this study establishes a novel, distribution-based framework for research, conservation, and sustainable use of Curcuma subgenus Hitcheniopsis in Vietnam and Southeast Asia.

Autonomous learning ability is a crucial ability to adapt to the development of social productivity in lifelong learning. Based on empirical pedagogy, a blended teaching model with a cloud classroom as the carrier was developed, and a Likert scale was used to investigate its effect on the cultivation of college students' autonomous learning ability. The results showed that college students' autonomous learning ability was significantly improved in five dimensions: learning motivation, learning strategy, selfmonitoring, self-regulation, and learning environment, and students had high satisfaction with the teaching model and their academic performance was significantly improved (P<0.05). This blended teaching model significantly promotes autonomous learning ability.