Qifei Zhou received a B.S. degree in Geographic Information Systems and a Ph.D. degree in Cartography and Geographic Information Systems from Nanjing Normal University, in 2015 and 2022, respectively. He studied in the Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin–Madison, as a visiting Ph.D. student for one year from 2019 to 2020. He currently works as a lecturer with the School of Geoscience and Technology, Zhengzhou University. His research interests include digital watermarking, geographic information security, and GIS.