In order to balance the cost performance of carbon and glass fibers, the unidirectional carbon/glass hybrid fiber reinforced polymer composite rods were developed through the pultrusion technology in the present paper. Two kinds of fiber hybridization types were proposed including intra-yarn hybrid (uniform dispersed hybrid, UDH) and inter-layer hybrid (core-shell hybrid, CSH). Furthermore, the effects of fiber hybridization types on the mechanical properties (interface/short beam shear strength, three-point bending strength and tensile strength) were investigated experimentally. The full-field strain was obtained through the digital image correlation method to reveal the hybrid mechanism. It was found that the effects of fiber hybridization types on mechanical properties were remarkable. Through uniformly dispersing the carbon fiber into the glass fiber, the maximum increase percentages of available strength were up to 10.9% for short beam shear, 60.3% for three-point bending and 58.7% for tensile strength, respectively. The results of full-field strain analysis revealed that the mechanical failure of CSH rods was dominant by the interface debonding of shell/core, which significantly decreased the mechanical properties. In comparison, UDH rods had the intact interface bonding of carbon/glass fiber/resin, the mechanical failure was derived from the fracture of carbon fiber. The tensile strength of carbon fiber was fully utilized, which contributed to the higher mechanical properties. The larger scale carbon fiber tow may form the weaker interface layer of carbon/glass fiber/resin, which led to uneven interface stress distribution under the external loading and the decrease of interface shear strength.

Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites (CFRP) demonstrate superior wear resistance and fatigue durability, which are anticipated to markedly enhance the service life of structures under complex conditions. In the present paper, the friction behaviors and wear mechanisms of CFRP under different applied loads, sliding speeds, service temperatures, and water lubrication were studied and analyzed in detail. The results indicated that the tribological properties of CFRP were predominantly influenced by the applied loads, as the tangential displacement generated significant shear stress at the interface of the friction pair. Serviced temperature was the next most impactful factor, while the influence of water lubrication remained minimal. Moreover, when subjected to a load of 2000 g, the wear rate and scratch width of the samples exhibited increases of 158% and 113%, respectively, compared to those loaded with 500 g. This observed escalation in wear characteristics can be attributed to irreversible debonding damage at the fiber/resin interface, leading to severe delamination wear. At elevated temperatures of 100 °C and 120 °C, the wear rate of CFRP increased by 75% and 112% compared to that at room temperature. This augmentation in wear was attributed to the transition of the epoxy resin from a glassy to an elastic state, which facilitated enhanced fatigue wear. Furthermore, both sliding speed and water lubrication displayed a negligible influence on the friction coefficient of CFRP, particularly under water lubrication conditions at 60 °C, where the friction coefficient was only 15%. This was because the lubricant properties and thermal management provided by the water molecules, which mitigated the frictional interactions, led to only minor abrasive wear. In contrast, the wear rate of CFRP at a sliding speed of 120 mm/s was found to be 74% greater than that observed at 60 mm/s. This significant increase can be attributed to the disparity in sliding rates, which induced uncoordinated deformation in the surface and subsurface of the CFRP, resulting in adhesive wear.