In today’s hyperconnected world, the Internet of Things and Cloud Computing complement each other in several areas. Cloud Computing provides IoT systems with an efficient and flexible environment that supports application requirements such as real-time control/monitoring, scalability, fault tolerance, and numerous security services. Hardware and software limitations of IoT devices can be mitigated using the massive on-demand cloud resources. However, IoT cloud-based solutions pose some security and privacy concerns, specifically when an untrusted cloud is used. This calls for strong encryption schemes that allow operations on data in an encrypted format without compromising the encryption. This paper presents an asymmetric multi-key and partially homomorphic encryption scheme. The scheme provides the addition operation by encrypting each decimal digit of the given integer number separately using a special key. In addition, data integrity processes are performed when an untrusted third party performs homomorphic operations on encrypted data. The proposed work considers the most widely known issues like the encrypted data size, slow operations at the hardware level, and high computing costs at the provider level. The size of generated ciphertext is almost equal to the size of the plaintext, and order-preserving is ensured using an asymmetrical encryption version.

This research investigates the intersection of secure clock synchronization and cryptography in the Internet of Things (IoT) context. Cryptography is employed to address challenges in achieving consensus on a system clock among nodes, even in the presence of malicious entities attempting to disrupt synchronization. The paper introduces an innovative synchronization scheme with two main components: a lightweight linear encryption method to secure clock messages against specific attacks and a simple consensus algorithm to compute the synchronized system clock. This scheme, designed for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), aims to overcome issues such as high energy consumption and susceptibility to attacks found in existing synchronization techniques. The study’s results demonstrate the proposed scheme’s efficacy in enhancing secure clock synchronization within IoT environments.

In the fast moving field of computer cryptography, researchers are actively working on addressing various emerging challenges to keep tomorrow’s systems secure. Many efforts are focused on addressing the computation speed and the massive data size requirements of today’s systems. Significant research efforts are targeting the computational complexity by focusing on the number of cryptographic operations or the scope of application. In this paper, we present an asymmetric homomorphic encryption scheme that relies on converting base numbers to a given base in such a way that Leveled Fully Homomorphic Encryption (LFHE) is performed. This lightweight technique is easy to implement and applicable in many fields, especially those that require high speed and safety.

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