Background In the digital age, social media is essential to everyone's life, including medical students. The rapid proliferation and updates in social media make this platform more attractive and accessible. However, online behavior and guidelines have always been a topic of ongoing debate. Thus, the study's objectives were to investigate the usage of social networking sites for various intentions among medical students, their opinions about applying these platforms for educational benefits, and their perception and accountability for e-professionalism. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted with the help of an online questionnaire among students of the College of Medicine at King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, from April to September 2023. Using a convenience sampling method, 577 students were invited to participate, with 97.1% (n = 560) agreeing to take part in the study. Both male and female students from all years, aged between 20 and 24 years, were included in this study. Results Nearly all medical students (99.5%, n = 557) were daily social media users. WhatsApp, YouTube, and Twitter (now X) were the most popular social media platforms, while Facebook was the least used. Gender differences were observed in platform preferences, with females favoring Instagram and Telegram and males preferring Reddit and Discord. Both genders utilize social media for various motives, including enjoyment (78.2%, n = 438), communication (68.4%, n = 383), knowledge (59.6%, n = 334), relaxation (43.6%, n = 244), and e-professionalism (12.5%, n = 70). Remarkably, 89% (n = 500) believed that social media could be a reliable medium for educational activities. Concerning e-professionalism, most students had private social media accounts, and a significant number believed their profiles did not portray them as professionals. However, a majority interacted with faculty members via social media. Male students exhibited a higher sense of e-professionalism responsibility, with many believing that online profiles should be considered during hiring decisions. Besides, female students believed online profiles could influence others' opinions about them. Conclusion Medical students are significantly involved with social media for different reasons. They acknowledge social media's potential benefits and enriching learning experiences. Nevertheless, a student's online behavior and attitude must be cognizant of and allied to the concept of e-professionalism, as it may directly lead to their future growth in medicine.

Objective: Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common cause of neurodegenerative dementia; it is expected to see global cases tripling by 2050. This study evaluates public awareness of AD in the Eastern region of Saudi Arabia, highlighting the need to improve background knowledge of AD and assess the impact of public education on early detection and management. Methodology: This study was a cross-sectional study that targeted the public in the Eastern region of Saudi Arabia. It was conducted between June 2024 and October 2024. Data were collected using an online questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Our study involved 814 participants. A significant majority (94.7%) believe that brain-stimulating activities can delay AD onset. However, misconceptions persist, with 49.1% incorrectly thinking that AD can affect those in their 30s or 40s, though 86.9% correctly recognize it primarily affects those over 65 years of age. Awareness of cardiovascular health factors as risks was noted by 68.9% of participants, and 60.2% believed environmental toxins could also be a factor. Key recognized symptoms included difficulty in remembering events (76.5%), planning daily activities (65.4%), handling finances (59.7%), and confusion about time and place (79.7%). Furthermore, 80.1% understood that those with AD might better recall older events. The study also found a reliance on informal information sources, with 51.8% of participants guessing answers about the disease. Conclusions: Many participants understand that brain-stimulating activities might delay Alzheimer’s onset, but significant misconceptions regarding its typical age of onset persist. Education programs using reliable sources are crucial for improving community understanding and management of the disease.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of various medical and surgical conditions, including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD). AI has the potential to enhance diagnostic and treatment capabilities, contributing to overall advancements in healthcare. The current study aimed to investigate the medical students' views regarding the use of AI in GORD management. An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was distributed among undergraduate medical students of various grades within different national medical institutions. The questionnaire comprised three sections, addressing sociodemographic data, knowledge, and attitudes. Knowledge and attitudes were assessed through 5- and 7-item questionnaires, respectively. The knowledge scores constituted a scale of 0-5. This reflected varying levels of understanding. Categories include poor knowledge (two or less), moderate knowledge (three), and good knowledge (4 and 5). Attitudes were classified as negative, neutral, or positive based on 50% and 75% cutoff points, with scores below 50% indicating negative attitudes, 50-75% considered neutral, and scores above 75% reflecting positive attitudes. A total of 506 medical students participated, including 273 females and 233 males, with a ratio of 1.2-1. The majority fell within the age range of 20-26 years. Additionally, 388 participants (76.7%) reported grade point averages (GPAs) higher than 4. Regarding knowledge, 9% demonstrated a poor score of knowledge, while 33% had a moderate knowledge score. However, 65% of the participating students held a neutral attitude toward the role of AI in GORD management, with 6.9% expressing a negative stance on the matter. Although AI is highly involved in GORD management, the study revealed that medical students and interns possess a limited perception of this emerging technology. This may highlight the necessity for active involvement in AI education within the medical curricula.

Introduction: Speckled, confetti, or guttate pigmentary disorders include conditions with overlapping features and diagnostic challenges. These disorders present considerable clinical overlap with frequent diagnostic difficulties due to variable phenotypic expression. Case Presentation: A 9-year-old Saudi female presented with a 1-year history of asymptomatic skin lesions involving the face, forearms, hands, legs, and feet. The lesions appeared spontaneously and remained unchanged since onset. Examination revealed 1–3 mm, well-defined, multiple, speckled hypopigmented-to-depigmented macules with bilateral symmetrical distribution. Wood’s lamp examination revealed no pigment accentuation. Dermoscopic examination showed well-defined, marginated hypopigmented macules with feathery margins. Microscopic examination, including special DOPA staining, revealed normal melanin pigmentation in the basal keratinocyte layer and normal to focal slightly reduced numbers of basal melanocytes, along with a focal sparse superficial perivascular mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrate. Based on clinicopathological correlation, a diagnosis of acral speckled guttate hypomelanosis was made. The patient responded well to 1% pimecrolimus cream twice daily. Conclusion: This case represents a novel presentation of acquired speckled acrofacial hypomelanosis with unique findings, including facial involvement and absence of hyperpigmentation. The patient's excellent response to pimecrolimus cream suggests this may be an effective treatment option for this rare condition.

Case Report A successful treatment of urticaria pigmentosa with omalizumab in a pediatric patient: a case report Abdulmohsen Alhajri, Mohammed Abdullah Hussain Albaqshi, Zainab Yousef Almarzooq, Mohammed Abdullah Aljughayman, Sarah Anwar Almulla, Fajr Saad Alkhalifa, Zahra Saleh Alsindi