Climate changes cause altering rainfall patterns resulting in an increase in drought occurrences globally. These events are disrupting plants and agricultural productivity. To evade droughts, plants try to adapt and modify in the best capacities possible. The plants have adapted by structurally modifying roots, stems, and leaves, as well as modifying functions. Lately, the association of microbial communities with plants has also been proven to be an important factor in aiding resilience. The fungal representatives of the microbial community also help safeguard the plants against drought. We discuss how these fungi associate with plants and contribute to evading drought stress. We specifically focus on Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) mediated mechanisms involving antioxidant defenses, phytohormone mediations, osmotic adjustments, proline expressions, fungal water absorption and transport, morphological modifications, and photosynthesis. We believe understanding the mechanisms would help us to optimize the use of fungi in agricultural practices. That way we could better prepare the plants for the anticipated future drought events.

The increase in cancer incidence in recent years necessitates urgent exploration of novel and alternative sources of natural bioactives for targeted cancer therapy. Approximately 75% of the Earth’s surface is covered by oceans, which are thought to harbor untapped physiologically active compounds with potential efficacy against cancer. Recently, a growing focus has been on isolating and investigating novel bioactive compounds derived from marine sources. Bioactive metabolites with diverse chemical structures, isolated from various marine species such as algae, mollusks, and actinomycetes, demonstrate potential efficacy against a wide range of cancers. To our knowledge, this is one of the articles that has reviewed recent papers on the application of marine-derived bioactives in targeted cancer therapy. This study aims to showcase some of the most current developments in targeted cancer therapy with various bioactives that have been identified from marine sources.

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a recalcitrant form of cancer, representing 15% of lung cancer cases globally. SCLC is classified within the range of neuroendocrine pulmonary neoplasms, exhibiting shared morphologic, ultrastructural, immunohistochemical, and molecular genomic features. It is marked by rapid proliferation, a propensity for early metastasis, and an overall poor prognosis. The current conventional therapies involve platinum–etoposide-based chemotherapy in combination with immunotherapy. Nonetheless, the rapid emergence of therapeutic resistance continues to pose substantial difficulties. The genomic profiling of SCLC uncovers significant chromosomal rearrangements along with a considerable mutation burden, typically involving the functional inactivation of the tumor suppressor genes TP53 and RB1. Identifying biomarkers and evaluating new treatments is crucial for enhancing outcomes in patients with SCLC. Targeted therapies such as topoisomerase inhibitors, DLL3 inhibitors, HDAC inhibitors, PARP inhibitors, Chk1 inhibitors, etc., have introduced new therapeutic options for future applications. In this current review, we will attempt to outline the key molecular pathways that play a role in the development and progression of SCLC, together with a comprehensive overview of the most recent advancements in the development of novel targeted treatment strategies, as well as some ongoing clinical trials against SCLC, with the goal of improving patient outcomes.

The interplay between transcription and mRNA degradation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae –