Ultrasound is a highly adaptable medical imaging modality that offers several applications and a wide range of uses, both for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The principles of sound wave propagation and reflection enable ultrasound imaging to function as a highly secure modality. This technique facilitates the production of real-time visual representations, thereby assisting in the evaluation of various medical conditions such as cardiac, gynecologic, and abdominal diseases, among others. The ultrasound modality encompasses a diverse range of modes and mechanisms that serve to enhance the methodology of pathology and physiology assessment. Doppler imaging and US elastography, in particular, are two such techniques that contribute to this expansion. Elastography-based imaging methods have attracted significant interest in recent years for the non-invasive evaluation of tissue mechanical characteristics. These techniques utilize the changes in soft tissue elasticity in various diseases to generate both qualitative and quantitative data for diagnostic purposes. Specialized imaging techniques collect data by identifying tissue stiffness under mechanical forces such as compression or shear waves. However, in this review paper, we provide a comprehensive examination of the fundamental concepts, underlying physics, and limitations associated with ultrasound elastography. Additionally, we present a concise overview of its present-day clinical utilization and ongoing advancements across many clinical domains.

Background: Globally, breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly detected neoplasm in women. Breast self-examination (BSE) is an effective screening technique that enables women to learn about the composition of their breasts and assist in the early identification of any potential breast abnormalities. Objective: This study aimed to assess the degree of BSE knowledge and attention among Jordanian females who are students or professionals in medical disciplines. Methods: Participants’ knowledge about BSE and related issues was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The study invites participation from all females aged 18 and above, through both an online and in-person survey. The study extended invitations to female university students in Jordan across academic levels I, II, III, IV, V, and VI. A scoring system was employed, and the statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics (Version 20.0). Results: The study had 946 female participants, with 98.41% of them being single. Low BSE practice was reported among 90.49% of the participants (n = 856) and this demonstrated a weak understanding of BC disease, including its possible risks, methods of detection, diagnosis, treatment, signs and symptoms, as well as knowledge about mammography and other related information. Only 27.27% (n = 258) of participants practice BSE once a month and on a regular basis. Conclusion: BC is considered the most prevalent malignant condition and the second largest cause of cancer-related deaths for women in Jordan. Screening strategies are essential for promptly identifying breast cancer and reducing the associated illness and death rates. It is recommended that women commence performing BSE starting at the age of 18. Furthermore, it is essential to incorporate a learning outcome in the cancer chapters that are directly relevant to the subject of BC and emphasize the significance of BSE for students pursuing a career in the medical area.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is gaining increasing significance in radiography. However, undergraduate radiography students often have limited exposure to AI principles and an incomplete understanding of its capabilities and limitations. This study evaluated radiography students' self-reported familiarity with AI, perceptions of its role in medical imaging, and educational preferences. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted at a single institution in Jordan between March and August 2024. A self-administered, in-person paper questionnaire, adapted from a previously published survey, was distributed to students attending scheduled teaching sessions. Responses were analysed descriptively using frequencies and percentages. Of the 217 students approached, 180 participated (response rate 82.9%). Only 46.1% of respondents reported good familiarity with AI. Most students perceived AI as having useful applications in medical imaging and supported its integration into university training. However, when AI output conflicted with human judgement, 60.0% of students indicated that they would seek expert opinion, reflecting a cautious approach to AI-supported decision-making. Radiography students reported positive attitudes toward AI and strong support for curricular integration, alongside caution about routine reliance on AI for decision making. Structured educational activities that provide practical exposure, clarify appropriate use cases, and emphasise human oversight may help students use AI safely and effectively in future practice. Artificial intelligence is being used more often in medical imaging, but students may not fully understand it. This study surveyed radiography students in Jordan to understand their knowledge of artificial intelligence, how they view its role, and how they want to learn about it. This study found that students welcomed its use but had limited understanding and preferred to seek expert advice when unsure. This matters because better teaching can help students use these tools safely and confidently in practice.

The purpose of this study is to show how sodium chloride inorganic salt (NaCl) affects the magnetic resonance signal response of the N-(Hydroxymethyl) acrylamide (NHMA) gel dosimeter system after irradiation to various doses. The formulation of dosimeter providing the maximum dose response was (8 wt.% monomer, 3 wt.% BIS, 1.49 wt.% NaCl, and 4 wt.% gelatin). The improvement of the NHMA-NaCl dosimeter was investigated via relaxometry technique to measure the transverse relaxation rate ( R ₂ ). Polymer gel samples were placed in NMR-compatible tubes and then exposed to doses ranging from 0 to 10 Gy using a linear accelerator. Additionally, the gels were irradiated to different beam energies ranging from 6 and 15 MV at affixed dose-rate, while other gels exposed to various dose-rates of 50 and 200 cGy/min at a constant beam energy. The results demonstrated an increase in the dose response of NHMA-NaCl from 0.28 to 0.39 s ^-1 Gy ^-1 . Increasing the concentration of NHMA monomer caused the readings of R ₂ to increase. The changing beam energy and dose-rate demonstrated no appreciable effects on the gel's performance. In addition, the effect of scanning temperature showed an increase in R ₂ values as the dosimeter temperature decreased. The polymerization of the dosimeter was stable up to 5 days post-irradiation.