ObjectivesUnderweight remains a health problem among Indonesian children, and the incidence of overweight continuously increases. This study aims to determine factors associated with underweight and overweight in school-aged children in Indonesia.MethodsThis study is a cross-sectional investigation on parents and children aged 6–13 years in elementary schools in Makassar, Indonesia. The participants included 877 children and their parents. Anthropometric data were obtained using standardized equipment, and sociodemographic and lifestyle data were determined using a questionnaire. The nutritional status of the children was assessed based on the child growth standard prescribed by the WHO.ResultsThe prevalence rates of underweight and overweight among the children were 14.5% and 20.4%, respectively. Underweight was more prevalent in boys. Factors such as mother's level of education, having an underweight father, and playing outdoors on weekends for more than 2 h were significantly associated with underweight children. By contrast, mothers with high levels of education, overweight parents, sleeping for less than 9 h, and playing outdoors on weekends for less than 1 h were significantly associated with overweight children.ConclusionsThe prevalence of underweight and overweight among school-aged children in Makassar, Indonesia is high. These conditions are associated with the sociodemographic characteristics of children and parents, as well as the lifestyle of children. Parental characteristics and children's lifestyle should be considered when planning prevention and intervention programs for underweight or overweight children

ObjectiveThis study aims to identify the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of students using eight indicators of Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (CHLB) in relation to the health education and grade levels in Islamic Boarding Schools (IBS) in Jember regency, East Java Province, Indonesia.MethodsA cross-sectional school-based survey design was used. About 114 students (mean age of 13.17 years old) selected through a multi-stage random sampling completed a self-administered questionnaire to measure the eight indicators of CHLB, such as washing hands with running water and soap, eating healthy snacks, using clean and healthy latrines, exercising regularly and measurably, eradicating mosquito larvae, not smoking at school, weighing and height measurement every 6 months, and disposing garbage properly. The data analyses included descriptive and comparative analyses of the difference in knowledge, attitude, and behavior toward CHLB by health education and grade level.ResultsAbout 66.7% students received health education. Significant knowledge in CHLB in relation to health education and grade was observed (P < .05), including in-depth knowledge of exercises, measurable weight and height, smoking, and healthy latrines. Meanwhile, no significant difference was observed between the attitude toward CHLB and health education in different grade levels. Furthermore, CHLB was associated with health education, including habitual exercise and using of clean and healthy latrines.ConclusionsKnowledge, attitude, and behavior toward CHLB differ with health education and grade level. Thus, IBS can promote personal hygiene practice and environmental sanitations for the prevention of diseases in school-based environments

Masalah kesehatan yang terjadi pada lansia umumnya adalah penurunan fungsi organ yang memicu terjadinya berbagai penyakit degeneratif termasuk hipertensi. Penyakit degeneratif pada lansia jika tidak ditangani dengan baik maka menurunkan kualitas hidup lansia. Hipertensi merupakan suatu gejala penyakit degeneratif kardiovaskuler yang paling banyak di alami oleh lansia dan belum dapat diketahui dengan pasti penyebabnya. Penatalaksanaan hipertensi pada lansia selain dengan farmakologi dapat pula dilakukan dengan non farmakologi seperti senam anti hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh senam anti hipertensi lansia terhadap penurunan tekanan darah lansia dengan hipertensi di Desa Kemuningsari Lor Kecamatan Panti Kabupaten Jember. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan preexperiment design One Group Pre test-post test. Pengumpulan data menggunakan Sphygmomanometer air raksa, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah tekanan darah sebelum pemberian intervensi sebagian besar adalah prehypertension (87,5%), tekanan darah setelah pemberian intervensi senam hipertensi sebagian besar adalah normal (87,5%), dan terdapat pengaruh senam anti hipertensi terhadap tekanan darah lansia di Desa Kemuningsari Lor Kecamatan Panti Kabupaten Jember (p-value = 0,001). Kata Kunci : Lansia, senam hipertensi, tekanan darah

Complex and diverse factors are related to reproductive health (RH) behavior among adolescents according to the social and cultural context of each countries. This study examined the prevalence of active RH and factors related to active RH behavior among Indonesian adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,040 of students who were selected through a multi-stage random sampling technique. A self-administered questionnaire was developed, including the World Health Organization Illustrative Questionnaire for Interview-Surveys with Young People, pubertal development scale, and sexual activity scale, modified in accordance to the Indonesian context. The data were analyzed using descriptive and comparative statistics, as well as logistic regression analyses. The prevalence of active RH behavior were more higher in boys (56.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 50.6% to 62.6%) than in girls (43.7%; 95% CI, 37.6% to 49.8%). Negative attitudes towards RH were a factor related to active RH behavior in both boys and girls. Smoking and kind relationship envisioned before marriage (pacaran [courtship] and nikah siri [non-registered marriage]) were factors related to active RH behavior in boys; whereas the absence of access to information on substance abuse was an additional factor in girls. Moreover, an interaction was found between access to information on development and smoking (boys) and attitudes on RH (girls) as independent variables associated with active RH behavior. Sex education for adolescents in Indonesia, particularly in the context of a health promotion program, should be developed based on prevalent social, cultural, and religious values to prevent active RH behavior. Such programs should focus on the kind of relationship envisioned before marriage and smoking for boys and access to information on subtance abuse for girls.