Purpose: Meningo-ophthalmic and orbitomeningeal arterial communications comprise route-specific relationships between the middle meningeal artery (MMA) and the ophthalmic or orbital arterial system. Their recognition is relevant to middle meningeal artery embolization because orbital or ophthalmic collateral pathways may create routes for non-target embolization. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the prevalence and anatomical patterns of these communications, using quantitative pooling only where the anatomical definition and denominator were sufficiently coherent. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to PRISMA 2020 principles and registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261361050). Eligible studies were original human cadaveric anatomical, angiographic, or radiological investigations reporting MMA-ophthalmic or MMA-orbital arterial relationships. After the closure of the full-text retrieval audit, studies and extracted rows were audited by anatomical family, unit of analysis, numerator, denominator, and independence. No global pooled prevalence was calculated across anatomical families. When family-specific pooling was methodologically defensible, proportions were synthesized using logit transformation, restricted maximum likelihood random-effects models, and Hartung-Knapp confidence intervals. Results: Database searches identified 558 records. After removal of 228 duplicates, 330 records were screened, and 285 were excluded by title and Forty-five reports were sought for retrieval; 10 were not retrieved or were not available as assessable full-text reports after retrieval auditing. Thirty-five full-text reports were assessed; thirteen were excluded for reasons, and three were duplicate reports at the full-text stage. Nineteen studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, and 12 contributed independent data to the final R-ready matrix. MMA arising from the ophthalmic artery was uncommon, with a pooled prevalence of 0.03 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.13; I² = 75.9%). After excluding the clinically selected chronic subdural hematoma subgroup, the estimate was 0.02 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.06; I² = 7.7%). The meningolacrimal/lacrimal-MMA route yielded an exploratory pooled proportion of 0.45 (95% CI 0.09 to 0.86; I² = 95.9%), with substantial anatomical and methodological heterogeneity. Conclusions: The available evidence supports route-specific synthesis rather than a single global prevalence estimate. MMA arising from the ophthalmic artery appears uncommon but procedurally important; however, this estimate should be interpreted as a route-specific estimate across eligible angiographic/anatomical series rather than as a universal anatomical prevalence. Meningolacrimal and lacrimal-MMA routes are frequently described, but their prevalence remains difficult to generalize because detection methods, populations, and denominators differ across studies. Future anatomical and angiographic reports should standardize route definitions, laterality, unit of analysis, and denominator reporting to improve prevalence estimation and procedural safety interpretation.

Drawing-centred and drawing-associated visual-representation strategies are used in anatomy and histology education, but the literature spans learner-generated drawing, guided drawing, screencasts, multisensory approaches, and model-based visual abstraction. This systematic evidence map examined their use and conducted an exploratory quantitative synthesis of objective learning outcomes among health science students. The review was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261360533) and reported according to PRISMA 2020. Searches finalized in April 2026 covered PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, CINAHL, and MEDLINE via Ovid, with backward and forward citation searching. After deduplication and supplementary searching, 1129 records were screened, 181 full-text reports were assessed, and 100 unique studies were included in the evidence map. Fifty-one studies were preliminary quantitative candidates. Six independent contrasts met the numerical meta-analysis criteria; however, only four were sufficiently aligned with drawing-centred learning to form the primary quantitative subset. Random-effects meta-analysis using Hedges g, REML estimation, and Hartung–Knapp confidence intervals yielded a positive but statistically uncertain primary estimate (g = 0.18, 95% CI −0.27 to 0.64; I² = 50.1%; τ² = 0.037; prediction interval −0.85 to 1.22). The broader six-contrast model was also positive but uncertain (g = 0.29, 95% CI −0.08 to 0.67). Certainty of evidence was very low. These analyses are exploratory rather than confirmatory because few conceptually comparable studies were available.

Background/Objectives: The descending genicular artery (DGA) is relevant to genicular artery embolization (GAE), medial femoral condyle and perforator flaps, recipient-vessel selection, and vascular complications around the knee. This review integrated cadaveric, imaging, procedural, reconstructive, and safety evidence and examined whether bilateral cadaveric sampling affected pooled estimates. Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science/SCIE, CENTRAL/Ovid, and LILACS/BVS were searched through 10 June 2026, followed by a targeted update on 18 August 2026. Evidence was stratified by design; anatomical prevalence was not pooled with in vivo visualization. Anatomical studies were appraised using an AQUA-adapted framework, imaging studies using the JBI analytical cross-sectional checklist, reconstructive series using the JBI case-series checklist, and case reports using the JBI case-report checklist. Compatible outcomes were synthesized with REML random-effects models and Knapp–Hartung confidence intervals. Results: Sixty-five primary studies were included, and 22 contributed to at least one quantitative synthesis. Strict cadaveric DGA presence was 91.6% (95% CI 86.6–94.8; I² = 30.3%); a worst-case cluster-adjusted sensitivity estimate accounting for bilateral specimens was 89.7% (84.7–93.2%). Femoral/superficial femoral origin was 92.4% (89.2–94.7), popliteal origin 3.2% (2.2–4.6), and an articular/osteoarticular branch 90.3% (84.1–94.2). In vivo DGA visualization during GAE-related imaging was 95.9% (93.1–97.6) and was interpreted separately from anatomical prevalence. Reconstructive and safety evidence was predominantly derived from small series and case reports. Conclusions: The DGA is usually identifiable and generally arises from the femoral arterial system, but branch-level variability remains clinically important. Cadaveric anatomy and procedural imaging are complementary. The anatomical findings may inform GAE and reconstructive planning, whereas clinical safety and reconstructive conclusions require confirmation in larger cohorts.