Purpose of Review: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease, which can cause progressive deterioration of motor function causing muscle stiffness, tremor, and bradykinesia. In this review, we hope to describe approaches that can improve the life of PD patients through modifications of energy metabolism. Recent Findings: The main pathological features of PD are the progressive loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons and the production of Lewy bodies. Abnormal aggregation of α‐synuclein (α‐Syn) leading to the formation of Lewy bodies is closely associated with neuronal dysfunction and degeneration. The main causes of PD are said to be mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, inflammation, and abnormal protein aggregation. Presence of abnormal energy metabolism is another cause of PD. Many studies have found significant differences between neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic decompensation, which has become a biological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases. Summary: In this review, we highlight the relationship between abnormal energy metabolism (Glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism) and PD. Improvement of key molecules in glucose metabolism, fat metabolism, and amino acid metabolism (e.g., glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase, triglycerides, and levodopa) might be potentially beneficial in PD. Some of these metabolic indicators may serve well during the diagnosis of PD. In addition, modulation of these metabolic pathways may be a potential target for the treatment and prevention of PD.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is witnessing a concerning rise in incidence annually, with the androgen receptor (AR) emerging as a pivotal contributor to its growth and progression. Mounting evidence underscores the AR's ability to recruit cofactors, influencing downstream gene transcription and thereby fueling the proliferation and metastasis of PCa cells. Although, clinical strategies involving AR antagonists provide some relief, managing castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains a formidable challenge. Thus, the need of the hour lies in unearthing new drugs or therapeutic targets to effectively combat PCa. This review encapsulates the pivotal roles played by coactivators and corepressors of AR, notably androgen receptor-associated protein (ARA) and steroid receptor Coactivators (SRC) in PCa. Our data unveils how these cofactors intricately modulate histone modifications, cell cycling, SUMOylation, and apoptosis through their interactions with AR. Among the array of cofactors scrutinised, such as ARA70β, ARA24, ARA160, ARA55, ARA54, PIAS1, PIAS3, SRC1, SRC2, SRC3, PCAF, p300/CBP, MED1, and CARM1, several exhibit upregulation in PCa. Conversely, other cofactors like ARA70α, PIASy, and NCoR/SMRT demonstrate downregulation. This duality underscores the complexity of AR cofactor dynamics in PCa. Based on our findings, we propose that manipulating cofactor regulation to modulate AR function holds promise as a novel therapeutic avenue against advanced PCa. This paradigm shift offers renewed hope in the quest for effective treatments in the face of CRPC's formidable challenges.

Research has demonstrated that hypoxia, a decrease in intracellular oxygen, is linked to multiple processes in the skin, including metabolic adaptation, cell survival, pathogenic microbe infection, immune response, tumorigenesis, and various diseases. This paper aims to perform a thorough bibliometric analysis of studies of hypoxia in skin health and disease to identify the frontiers, hotspots, and evolution of these studies. Articles about hypoxia in skin health and disease in the Web of Science Core Collection were gathered as of 31 December 2023. To find bursting keywords and references, VOSviewer was used to look at co-authorship and phrase co-occurrences and make visualizations of them. A total of 1,511 papers on hypoxia in skin health and disease were examined in this study. China, the United States, and Japan were the top three countries contributing to this topic, while the International Journal of Molecular Sciences was the journal with the most articles. In terms of prolific authors in the publications, Yuesheng Huang from China contributed the most articles. The terms “hypoxia,” “angiogenesis,” and “wound healing” were the ones that were used the most frequently. In this study, a bibliometric analysis was performed on the last ten years’ worth of research on hypoxia in skin health and disease. The analysis identified the publications, nations, authors, institutions, and journals that were involved in this subject. These data offer a more comprehensive understanding of the area of research that has been conducted on hypoxia in skin health and disease.

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common form of hair loss globally. Despite its prevalence, only two FDA-approved drugs-minoxidil and finasteride-are currently available, underscoring the urgent need to discover novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AGA diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. This study aimed to explore novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers for AGA and investigate the causal role of plasma metabolites mediating therapeutic targets in AGA. Cis-expression quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTL) data were derived from the eQTLGen Consortium (31,684 samples). Genetic associations with AGA were obtained from the FinnGen cohort (220 cases, 219,249 controls), and the UK Biobank (66,172 cases and 140,864 controls). Colocalization and summary-data-based MR (SMR) analyses were performed to rank these candidate therapeutic targets. Additionally, Transcriptome-Wide Association Study (TWAS) and Multi-marker Analysis of GenoMic Annotation (MAGMA) analyses were conducted to prioritize potential biomarkers, while Phenome-wide association study (PheWAS), and drug prediction were used to identify therapeutic targets. Lastly, mediation analysis was applied to explore the role of metabolites in AGA treatment. Ten genes emerged as promising targets after multi-layer validation. Among them, SOD1 and KL were classified as tier 1 targets with strong evidence. NT5E, SQLE, and ADM were designated tier 2 with moderate support, while PAM, LAMC1, LAMC3, PRLR, and BRAF were tier 3 candidates. Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) validation supported these findings. Our integrative multi-omics analysis identified 10 potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for AGA. SOD1 and KL stand out as strong candidates, offering promising directions for future AGA therapies.