Marine transportation is pivotal in the rapid development of global trade, significantly enhancing international economic and trade connectivity and impacting the sustainable development of the global economy. In this study, we developed a novel technical framework based on the Laplacian matrix to evaluate the node significance and edge connectivity of the global shipping network using 2019 vessel schedule data from the top 30 liner shipping companies, as ranked by Alphaliner. Our analyses were conducted in both L-space, characterizing the connectivity function, and P-space, characterizing the transfer function. The findings indicate the following. (1) There is no consistent relationship between node significance and centrality for most ports. Ports with high node significance are mainly located in the Asia–Pacific region, with Singapore Port being the port with the highest node significance in L-space and Shanghai Port being the port with the highest node significance in P-space. (2) In L-space, the structures with significant improvements in edge connectivity in the shipping network have at least one port node that exhibits both low degree centrality and low betweenness centrality; these are primarily found on East African routes. (3) In P-space, the structures with significant improvements in edge connectivity in the shipping network are more complex but are notably linked to the ports of Assaluyeh and Bandar Abbas in Iran. The proposed node evaluation and edge addition strategy effectively analyze port significance and edge connectivity, providing decision-making support for optimizing port layouts, supporting container route planning, and enhancing the overall performance of the shipping network.

Dealing with the environmental and climate risks caused by global warming has become a global consensus. As a sensitive area with particularly fragile ecological environment, the Nordic countries took the lead in making the commitment of “carbon neutrality” by the middle of this century. The green industry will play an important role during this process. Based on the patent data related to the green industry in Nordic countries, this paper studies the evolution characteristics and dynamic changes of influencing factors of patent citation network from 1980 to 2019 by using the social network analysis method and exponential random graph model. The research results show that: Nordic green technologies have gradually changed from passive development to active innovation from the source, and gradually diversified and subdivided in the development process; the connectivity and transitivity of the patent citation network are good and relatively stable in the evolution process; the connections of Nordic countries with non-Nordic countries are strong and gradually spread to distant regions; the awareness of patent property rights protection has gradually increased, and industry and academia are increasingly integrated, which all promote the formation of patent citation relationship.

New-type urbanization (NTU) envisions the coordinated and mutually reinforcing development of large, medium, and small cities, towns, and new rural communities. While the strategy has steadily upgraded infrastructure, restructured industry, and transformed social services, its implications for the resilience of small- and medium-sized cities (RSMCS) remain unclear. Exploiting the National New-type Urbanization Comprehensive Pilot as a quasi-natural experiment, a panel of 510 such cities over 2012–2020 is constructed, and the policy’s causal effect on RSMCS is estimated with a Multi-period Difference-in-Differences (DID) model. The results show that: (1) NTU does not significantly alter RSMCS; the null result survives an extensive battery of robustness checks. (2) Mechanism analysis indicates that, during the experimental period, the transmission channels linking NTU to RSMCS were not effectively established; as a result, the overall mediating effect is weak and exerts only a limited influence. (3) Heterogeneity tests reveal that the modest effects are concentrated in smaller cities and in the central region. The study provides micro-level evidence for China’s ambition to implement NTU in small and medium-sized cities and counties and offers policy guidance for refining NTU design and strengthening urban resilience.