Interestingly more than 50% of the world’s area is rainfed and approximately 80% of maize is cultivated under rainfed condition where selection of cultivar and management of nitrogen have major impact on production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth, phenology, yield and quality parameters of maize as influenced by variety and nitrogen scheduling under rainfed condition. For this, a field experiment having two factors was laid out in a factorial randomised block design and replicated three times. The first factor was variety, i.e., V₁ (JM 216) and V₂ (JM 218), and the second was six nitrogen scheduling, i.e., N₁ to N₆, in which nitrogen splitting was done based on 30-years of average rainfall data. Variety JM 218 and N₅ [40 kg N as basal followed by (fb) 2 splits of 40 kg N and 38.8 kg N at 30 and 52 days after sowing (DAS) and 1% N foliar spray at 40 DAS] nitrogen scheduling were found promising under rainfed situation because it recorded maximum value of growth parameters, yield attributes, grain yield and quality parameters (protein, mineral and dickson quality index). Thus, it can be inferred that JM 218 and N₅ nitrogen schedule would be a better choice than alternative options.

The mean temperature might rise up to range of 2.0–4.5°C worldwide by the end of this century. Climatic variables affect the growth and development of the crop differently at different growth stages. The rate of development of a crop depends on the climate. Temperature is the primary factor that influences the growth and productivity of crops. Higher or lower temperatures than the optimum lead to improper crop development and affect rice's phenological stages. Extreme temperature may lead to early maturity of the crop and lower temperature lead to prolonged maturity of the crop which in both cases leads to a decrease in yield. A moderate increase in temperature will not have severe implications, but an increase in average temperature by 2⁰ C will likely have strong negative effects on rice crop production. In several studies, it has been reported that high night temperature decreases the yield potential of rice. Whereas, respiratory losses have been shown to increase due to higher day temperature, leaf conductance and net assimilation rates during the day were reported to be higher.

The current study aimed to investigate the Response of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus strains on growth attributes and uptake of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill.) at All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on Integrated Farming System Research at College of Agriculture, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India during kharif, 2019 & 20. The study was carried out in randomized block design (RBD) with 8 treatments, viz. Control with 75% RDF (T₁), Control with 100% RDF (T₂), 75% RDF with Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus strains as seed treatment (T₃), 100% RDF with Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus strains as seed treatment (T₄), 75% RDF with Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus strains as foliar application at 30 and 45 DAS (T₅), 100% RDF with Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus strains as foliar application at 30 and 45 DAS (T₆), 75% RDF with Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus strains as seed treatment + foliar application of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus strains at 30 and 45 DAS (T₇) and 100% RDF with Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus strains as seed treatment + foliar application of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus strains at 30 and 45 DAS (T₈). Among all the treatments, growth parameters, NPK uptake by grain and straw and total uptake by crop were observed highest with 100% RDF with Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus as seed treatment + foliar application of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus at 30 and 45 DAS.

Although India is steadily progressing in oilseeds production, but the average yields of most of the oilseeds like groundnut are still extremely low when compared to those prevailing in other countries of the world. This is because oilseeds are cultivated mostly in marginal and sub-marginal land of semi-arid areas with very less management, hence remain vulnerable to vagaries of nature. Among oilseed crops groundnut is an important source of vegetable oil and protein. Lack of appropriate management practices leads to decreased yields of the crop. Applications of amendments like gypsum and dolomite based on soil pH is necessary to provide a better environment for roots and plant growth.

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of dolomite on the growth, and productivity of groundnut and soil properties at the Main Agricultural Research Station, UAS, Dharwad, Karnataka during kharif 2019. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design consisting eight treatments (Control, Gypsum @ 500 kg ha^-1, Dolomite @ 250, 500, and 750 kg ha^-1, Cured dolomite with FYM @ 250, 500 and 750kg ha^-1) with three replications. Results of the study showed that higher growth parameters viz., plant height (48.3 cm), number of branches per plant (8.5), leaf area (19.6 dm² plant^-1), leaf area index (6.53) and dry matter production per plant (40.48 g plant^-1) at harvest were recorded with the application of cured dolomite with FYM @ 750 kg ha^-1. Significantly higher kernel yield (19.8 q ha^-1) and net returns ₹ ( 66,240 ha^-1) were recorded with the application of cured dolomite with FYM @ 750 kg ha^-1 which was found on par with application of cured dolomite with FYM @ 500 kg ha^-1, dolomite @ 750 kg ha^-1 and dolomite @ 500 kg ha^-1. The same trend was observed in case of soil chemical properties viz., calcium and magnesium content in the soil after harvest of groundnut. Thus, it was found that application of dolomite @ 500 kg ha^-1 was found better either with curing or without curing by using FYM.

The present experiment was conducted at All India Coordinated Research Project on safflower, College of Agriculture, Indore, (M.P.) during rabi season 2015-16 to study the effect of date of sowing and cultivars on number of capitula plant^-1, total seed weight, 100 seed weight, seed yield, biological yield, straw yield, harvest index, oil content and oil yield. The experiment was performed in split plot design using three sowing dates and three cultivars. The maximum capitula (31.26 plant^-1) and total seed weight (25.11 g plant^-1) were recorded with 1^st November sown crop. The cultivar A-1 registered the highest 100 seed weight (5.42 g) which was significantly superior over cultivar NARI-6 and NARI-57. The highest seed yield (1565.42 kg ha^-1), straw yield (7771 kg ha^-1) and biological yield (9336.42 kg ha^-1) were obtained under 1^st November of sowing. The maximum oil content (35.36 %) was received with NARI-57 followed by NARI-6 and A-1. The highest oil yield (509.35 kg ha^-1) was observed with 1^st November sown crop. Based on the findings it is concluded that for obtaining maximum yield of safflower, use of A-1 cultivar and sowing done at 1^st November is recommended.