The flora of Kazakhstan is characterized by its wide variety of different types of medicinal plants, many of which can be used on an industrial scale. The Traditional Kazakh Medicine (TKM) was developed during centuries based on the six elements of ancient Kazakh theory, associating different fields such as pharmacology, anatomy, pathology, immunology and food nursing as well as disease prevention. The endemic Artemisia L. species are potential sources of unique and new natural products and new chemical structures, displaying diverse bioactivities and leading to the development of safe and effective phytomedicines against prevailing diseases in Kazakhstan and the Central Asia region. This review provides an overview of Artemisia species from Central Asia, particularly traditional uses in folk medicine and the recent numerous phytochemical and pharmacological studies. The review is done by the methods of literature searches in well-known scientific websites (Scifinder and Pubmed) and data collection in university libraries. Furthermore, our aim is to search for promising and potentially active Artemisia species candidates, encouraging us to analyze Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), α-glucosidase and bacterial neuraminidase (BNA) inhibition as well as the antioxidant potentials of Artemisia plant extracts, in which endemic species have not been explored for their secondary metabolites and biological activities so far. The main result of the study was that, for the first time, the species Artemisia scopiformis Ledeb. Artemisia albicerata Krasch., Artemisia transiliensis Poljakov, Artemisia schrenkiana Ledeb., Artemisia nitrosa Weber and Artemisia albida Willd. ex Ledeb. due to their special metabolites, showed a high potential for α-glucosidase, PTP1B and BNA inhibition, which is associated with diabetes, obesity and bacterial infections. In addition, we revealed that the methanol extracts of Artemisia were a potent source of polyphenolic compounds. The total polyphenolic contents of Artemisia extracts were correlated with antioxidant potential and varied according to plant origin, the solvent of extraction and the analytical method used. Consequently, oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be managed by the dietary intake of current Artemisia species. The antioxidant potentials of the species A. schrenkiana, A. scopaeformis, A. transiliensis and Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kitam. were also promising. In conclusion, the examination of details between different Artemisia species in our research has shown that plant materials are good as an antioxidant and eznyme inhibitory functional natural source.

Research in the field of medicinal products, especially medicinal plants, has been constantly expanding recently. However, to date, health research has not been widely disseminated. This article focus on the analysis of hexane and chloroform extracts of Artemisia scopaeformis by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) technique. Detailed chemical constituents of A. scopaeformis collected in Kazakhstan were investigated for the first time. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of bioactive constituents of the medicinal plant have been made. A. scopaeformis hexane extract contained 4 compounds: methyleugenol (33.87%), hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (41.02%), butyl 4,7,10,13,16,19-do cosahexaenoate (11.55%), hexasiloxane, 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7,9,9,11,11-dodecamethyl- (13.56%). The chloroform extract of A. scopaeformis contained 5 compounds: fluorene, 2,7-bis(1-hydroxyethyl)- (24.28%), p-dimethylaminobenzylidene p-anisidine (14.59%), 3-acetoxy-5-methyl-2-nitro- terephthalic acid, 4-isopropyl ester 1-methyl ester (11.74%), 3,4-diacetyl-2-methyl-4H-thieno [3,2-b] pyrrole-5- carboxylic acid, methyl ester (17.35%), 4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol, 4-(2-fluorophenyl)-5-(1-methylethyl) – (32.04%). The resulting compounds have significant biological properties: antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory.

Spiraea hypericifolia L. is a medicinal plant of Kazakhstan of which phytochemical analysis has not been explored. The present study found out that chemical constituents of dichloromethane extract from aerial part of the medicinal plant Spiraea hypericifolia L. have been identified using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. GC-MS analysis of dichloromethane extracts of Spiraea hypericifolia L. revealed the existence of fifty-seven compounds, in which the main components are 1-tetracosene (18.41%), 9-tricosene, (Z)- (10.55%), n-hexadecanoic acid (5.72%), lanostan-3-one, 11.beta.,18-epoxy- (4.10%), stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-ol, acetate, (3.beta.)- (3.57%), tetracosanoic acid, methyl ester (3.28%). From the results, it could be concluded that Spiraea hypericifolia L. contains bioactive compounds with diversive biological activities. Therefore, it is recommended as a plant of phytopharmaceutical importance.

Skin conditions, varying from minor irritations to serious inflammatory and infectious disorders, significantly impact human health and quality of life. Traditional herbal medicine has always been a source of therapeutic agents for the treatment of skin diseases, and the genus Artemisia has become a valuable resource due to its rich diversity of bioactive compounds. This review details the historical context and antibacterial activities of various Artemisia species used in dermatological therapy. Various species have been found to be effective against specific dermatological conditions, including A. argyi and A. princeps against contact dermatitis, A. annua, A. capillaris, A. anomala, and A. apiacea against atopic dermatitis, and A. lavandulaefolia against rosacea. In addition, A. annua has therapeutic efficacy against eczema, A. dracunculus L. against leishmaniasis and skin cancer, and A. arborescens against psoriasis treatment. A. annua and A. capillaris are included in broader dermatological applications, including UV-induced skin diseases, where A. scoparia, A. iwayomogi, and A. asiatica have been shown to have promising activity. The cosmetic benefits of Artemisia species such as A. iwayomogi for anti-aging and A. argyi for moisturizing also make them sought after in skin care products. Moreover, this review considers the tyrosinase activity of Artemisia species germinated in Kazakhstan and further defines the dermatological significance of the genus.