Dr. Antonio Martínez Raya holds a Ph.D. degree (EQF level 8) with honors in European Studies on Transportation Economics from the Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED). Furthermore, he graduated with a degree in Aeronautical Engineering (EQF level 7) and a minor in aircraft and space vehicles from the UPM. He has also earned a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Economics (EQF level 6) and majored in European Union studies (EQF level 7), focusing on both economic and political aspects at UNED for both degrees. Additionally, he has served as an industrial project manager in international settings for large corporations, including many sector-leading multinational companies. Moreover, he possesses a wide range of language skills, including English, German, French, and Italian, combined with extensive knowledge of various cultures. He currently works as an associate professor in the Department of Organizational Engineering, Business Administration, and Statistics at the Technical University of Madrid—Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) in Spain.