Adapted physical activity (APA) improves quality of life and cancer outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of an APA program in outpatients beginning medical anticancer treatment. The secondary objective was to assess the impact of APA on fatigue, anxiety, depression, and handgrip strength (HGS). This prospective study was conducted between January and July 2017. Among 226 patients beginning treatment in the unit for a digestive, lung, hematological, or dermatological cancer, 163 were included. Adherence to the APA program was defined as more than or equal to one one-hour session per week for 3 months. The first evaluation was conducted at 3 months (M3), and the second evaluation at 6 months (M6). A total of 163 patients were included (mean age 62.5 ± 14.3); 139 (85.3%) agreed to follow the APA program. At M3, 106 of them were evaluated, of which 86 (81.1%) declared that they had followed the program. Improvement in anxiety was observed at M3 (−1.0 ± 3.2; p = 0.002) but there was no significant change in fatigue or depression. HGS decreased significantly (−1.2 ± 5.5; p = 0.04). The APA program was feasible in cancer outpatients beginning medical anticancer treatment. APA should be part of standard support care.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) makes it possible to monitor in vivo response to treatment. Several studies have investigated the impact of the seasons on the incidence and detection of BC, on tumor composition, and on the prognosis of BC. However, no evidence is available on their association with immune infiltration and the response to treatment. The objective of this study was to analyze pre- and post-NAC immune infiltration as assessed by TIL levels, the response to treatment as assessed by pathological complete response (pCR) rates, and oncological outcomes as assessed by relapse-free survival (RFS) or overall survival (OS) according to the seasonality of BC diagnoses in a clinical cohort of patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Out of 1199 patients, the repartition of the season at BC diagnosis showed that 27.2% were diagnosed in fall, 25.4% in winter, 24% in spring, and 23.4% in summer. Baseline patient and tumor characteristics, including notable pre-NAC TIL levels, were not significantly different in terms of the season of BC diagnosis. Similarly, the pCR rates were not different. No association for oncological outcome was identified. Our data do not support the idea that the seasonality of diagnoses has a major impact on the natural history of BC treated with NAC.

Extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC) is an aggressive disease with limited effective therapeutic options. Clinical trials suggest an additive effect of chemotherapy and immunotherapy in SCLC, although the magnitude of benefit seems to be limited. Considering the prolonged peripheral persistence of anti-PD-(L)1 blockade, we wanted to investigate the impact of prior immunotherapy exposure on the efficacy of second-line chemotherapy. Using the Epidemio-Strategy and Medical Economics lung cancer national real-world database, we selected ED-SCLC patients diagnosed between 17 February 2010 and 4 December 2023 who had received at least two lines of treatment for a metastatic disease with platinum-based regimens in the first-line setting. Second-line real-world progression-free survival (rw-PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed according to first-line immunotherapy exposure using a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model and a propensity score-weighted sensitivity analysis. The study included 2051 patients with ED-SCLC: 638 (30%) in the immunotherapy-pretreated group and 1413 (70%) who received only first-line chemotherapy. Multivariable analysis showed no significant difference in second-line median rw-PFS between immunotherapy-pretreated patients [2.9 months, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.7-3.3] and chemotherapy-only pretreated patients (2.5 months, 95% CI 2.4-2.7) (hazard ratio 0.94, 95% CI 0.85-1.04, P = 0.21). Similar results were observed in the propensity score adjusted Cox regression sensitivity analysis. A longer median OS from the start of second-line treatment was observed in immunotherapy-pretreated patients (6.6 months, 95% CI 6.1-7.1 compared with 5.7 months, 95% CI 5.4-6.1, P = 0.03) although, this result has not been confirmed in a more contemporary cohort. This study showed no OS gain in second-line treatment among patients pretreated with immunotherapy compared with those who received chemotherapy alone as first-line treatment.