Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. is an important mangrove species that inhabits the outermost zone of mangrove forests, but it has been shown to have a poor ability to regenerate due to its low seedling quality. We conducted a study to evaluate the specific growth requirements of A. marina, i.e., medium and salinity level. Germinated seeds were transplanted to pots filled with media, i.e., silt loam (M1), loam (M2), sandy loam (M3), or sand (M4), with various salinity levels 5 (S1), 5–15 (S2), 15–25 (S3), or 25–35 ppt (S4). Survival rate, growth, biomass partition, and seedling quality were observed for 14 weeks after transplanting the seeds. The highest rate of seedling survival was found in the S2 condition, and higher concentrations of salinity lowered the survival rates. The S1 treatment promoted the initial 8 week growth of the seedlings. Growth medium had no significant effect, except on the survival rates grown in M4. Growth medium composition had no distinct effect on seedling growth. The S2 and S3 treatments induced better growth (in terms of shoot height and root length) and resulted in high-quality (i.e., Dickson quality index) seedlings in any type of medium. The S3 treatment increased the seedling quality in M1 and M4, whereas the S4 treatment only benefited seedlings in the M4 medium. According to the results, a specific range of salinity (5–15 ppt) with circulated water in any type of medium is recommended for the establishment of an ex situ nursery for the propagation of A. marina, in contrast to the general range of salinity (4–35 ppt) stated in previous references.

Efek rasio maltodekstrin-amonium dihidrogen fosfat (M/ADP) dan metode kempa pada sifat papan partikel bambu petung berkerapatan sedang diselidiki. Rasio maltodekstrin/ADP 100/0, 90/10 dan 80/20 g/g% digunakan pada penelitian ini. Dua metode kempa digunakan yaitu metode kempa 3-tahap (three-step press method) dan kempa 1-tahap (single-step press method) pada lama kempa 5 menit dengan suhu 2000C. Beberapa sifat fisika dan mekanika papan partikel dievaluasi berdasarkan standar Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) A 5908 dan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 03-2105 seperti kerapatan, kadar air, pengembangan tebal, keteguhan rekat internal, dan keteguhan lengkung. Tingkat kecerahan, penyerapan air, kekasaran permukaan, sudut kontak papan partikel, dan kegetasan juga dievaluasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan rasio ADP dapat meningkatkan sifat fisika dan mekanika papan partikel bambu petung. Metode kempa 1 tahap menghasilkan sifat papan partikel yang lebih tinggi dibanding dengan metode kempa 3 tahap pada lama kempa 5 menit untuk papan dengan perekat maltodekstrin 100% maupun perekat maltodextrin/ADP. Perlakuan rasio maltodekstrin/ADP 80/20 g/g% dengan metode pengempaan satu tahap pada waktu kempa 5 menit menghasilkan pengembangan tebal dan kekuatan rekat internal yang memenuhi standar JIS dan SNI. Papan partikel untuk penggunaan non-konstruksi dapat dihasilkan pada waktu kempa yang lebih singkat dibanding dengan waktu kempa papan komersial yang berkisar 7-10 menit.

Urban green areas offer a range of ecosystem services and recreational attractions, including the comfortable microclimate. However, the influence of microclimate conditions on visitor preferences to visit urban green space areas is still necessary to be investigated. This study aims to evaluate the microclimate conditions and their influence on visitor preferences at Wisdom Park, Gadjah Mada University. Microclimate parameters, such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, and carbon dioxide concentration, were measured daily by using automatic climate monitoring tools for 2 months to assess the thermal comfort level. The visitor preferences were evaluated by surveying 303 respondents to determine their perceptions of microclimate comfort. The relationship between perceptions of the microclimate in traveling with microclimatic conditions and comfort level was analyzed by using a descriptive approach. Results show that 78% of visitors cited the park’s microclimate as a key reason for visiting, with 89% preferring activities under tree canopies for the calm, clean air. Most visitors (85%) engaged in activities during mornings or evenings when microclimate conditions averaged 26–27ÅãC, 64–72% humidity, and a Thermal Humidity Index of 25–26, indicating moderate comfort. Popular activities included exercising (47%) and relaxing under trees (45%), with 74% of visitors staying 1–2 hours. These findings underscore the importance of microclimates in attracting visitors and shaping activity patterns, highlighting their role in urban ecosystem planning and recreational space design. Cite this article as: K., Utami, R. N., Jihad, A. N., Harjanti, N. D., Ardiansyah, R., & Nissauqodry, S. V. (2026). Microclimate influences visitor preferences in urban green spaces: A case study of Wisdom Park. Forestist, 76, 0045, doi:10.5152/forestis.2026.25045.