This study aims to analyze city branding in tourist areas, with the variables being studied city brand attractiveness, tourism experience, city brand attitude, and city brand equity in tourism areas in Indonesia. This research method uses a quantitative approach with online surveys design, namely by taking a sample from a population and using a questionnaire to collect data. The main thing is that there is a hypothesis that will be tested for truth in this study. The survey questionnaire used is the Ministry of Education and Culture survey form. The research sample was conducted on 181 visitors to Bandung Barat, Indonesia. Structural equation modelling in this study uses a partial least square (PLS) structure. The research findings show city brand attractiveness and tourism experience on city brand equity through city brand attitude. This study produces a new model, namely, city brand attitude as a moderating variable that plays an essential role in building city brand attractiveness and tourism experience, which have the tourists primary preference. The tourist of Bandung Barat to be used as an affirmation of the identity of a vital city branding compared to other cities.

This study aims to assess the effect of cognitive image and city brand equity on total city branding, evaluation of word-ofmouth (WOM), brand commitment and intention to revisit. The conceptual model used in the impact study of the impact of tangible and intangible elements related to city branding. Involving 423 tourists visiting four cities in West Java, Indonesia as an assessment of the variables studied. The results showed that the conclusions on cognitive image, city brand equity and brand commitment were low. While the other categories are classified as good. These findings also reveal the analysis of the relationship between variables, including cognitive image variables that have a significant effect on city brand equity. Cognitive image is explained through the dimensions of quality experience, tourist attraction, infrastructure environment, and outdoor activities. Meanwhile, city brand equity is measured by brand awareness, brand loyalty, and brand value. Furthermore, the results also show that the variable city brand equity has a significant effect on the variable word-of-mouth (WOM), brand commitment, and the intention to revisit. The most significant influence exerted on brand commitment. These results indicate that the condition of city brand equity affects how wordof-mouth, brand commitment, intention to revisit. This study only discusses part of the tourism activities carried out in these four destinations, so to confirm these findings it is necessary to carry out further research on various destinations and events.

The research objective was to analyze the determninant factors of Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) in the Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) of the traditional food centers in Bandung. It used the EO dimension at the organizational level. Five dimensions were used to measure the EO level, namely risk-taking, innovativeness, competitive aggressiveness, proactiveness, and autonomy. The questionare’s was distributed to eight MSEs in Bandung. The sample size is 100 employee Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis techniques with Partial Least Square (PLS) was used to test the samples. This research shows that the EO level in the micro and small enterprises in the traditional food centers in Bandung is at a moderate level. Although EO of MSEs in the traditional food centers in Bandung is in the moderate category, the results of testing on the EO model find out that each EO dimension forms a significant EO construct. The four dominant and recommended dimensions forming an EO construct in MSEs are risk-taking, innovativeness, competitive aggressiveness, and proactiveness. Among the four dimensions, risk-taking is the dominant dimension. It indicates that courage in taking risks in MSEs is a natural characteristic of the EO in the traditional food centers in Bandung.

The Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic has an impact on various lines in the international world, including Indonesia. The COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia has also changed various performances in various sectors, one of which is education. The concept of learning from home changes the paradigm of lecturers as educators in universities that apply online learning. This study aims to identify netizens' perceptions of the implementation of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses a social network analysis method using an emprit drone. The subject of this research tweeted netizens from October 2021 to December 2021 in Indonesia which experienced the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Netizen view online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic as being divided into two large clusters, namely as something that has positive and negative sentiments. ABSTRAKPandemi Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) berdampak pada berbagai lini di dunia internasional, termasuk Indonesia. Pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia juga telah mengubah berbagai kinerja di berbagai sektor, salah satunya adalah pendidikan. Konsep belajar dari rumah mengubah paradigma dosen sebagai pendidik di perguruan tinggi yang menerapkan pembelajaran online. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi persepsi netizen terhadap pelaksanaan pembelajaran online di masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode social network analysis menggunakan drone emprit. Subjek penelitian ini tweet netizen pada bulan Oktober 2021 sampai dengan Desember 2021 di Indonesia yang mengalami dampak dari pandemi COVID-19. Netizen memandang pembelajaran online selama pandemi COVID-19 terbagi menjadi dua kluster besar yaitu sebagai suatu hal yang memiliki sentimen positif dan negatif.

Purpose: This study aims to examine the short-run and long-run relationships between global uncertainty indicators, namely the Volatility Index, Global Economic Policy Uncertainty and Geopolitical Risk, gold prices and domestic macroeconomic variables on Islamic stock indices in Indonesia and Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach: Using monthly data from August 2017 to August 2025, the study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag and Error Correction Model framework. Structural break tests, diagnostic checks and robustness analyses are conducted to ensure model validity. Findings: The results indicate cross-country heterogeneity. The Indonesian Islamic stock market is more strongly driven by domestic fundamentals, particularly exchange rate movements, while the Malaysian Islamic stock market is more sensitive to global uncertainty indicators and gold prices. Significant and negative error correction terms confirm rapid adjustment toward long-run equilibrium in both markets. Practical implications: The study offers important implications for policymakers, investors and researchers. Policymakers can strengthen Islamic capital market resilience through targeted risk mitigation and sukuk market development, while investors may optimize portfolio strategies based on varying exposure to global uncertainty. Academically, the study advances the Islamic finance literature by providing a theoretically grounded and empirically robust analysis of uncertainty transmission in ASEAN Islamic stock markets. Originality/value: These findings suggest that Islamic stock markets in ASEAN are neither fully insulated from nor fully integrated with global financial dynamics. Instead, they exhibit a pattern of selective integration, where sensitivity to global and domestic shocks depends on market structure and the degree of financial openness.