Materials and methods: a pilot open observational prospective study of 218 pediatric patients with laboratory-verified COVID-19 diagnosis was performed. The main epidemiological data were analyzed, including the age structure, as well as the features of the clinical course of this disease. The development of COVID-19 pneumonia was recorded in 11,5% of cases (25 patients), while more often pneumonia was recorded in children of the first year of life, as well as over 12 years of age (23,5% and 20% of cases, respectively) than in children of other age groups (p

Nonepileptic myoclonus of infancy and early childhood (an observation of 33 patients)

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), one of the forms of thrombotic microangiopathy, is a severe emergency with non-immune (Coombs negative) anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal injury. HUS is heterogeneous, and its most common form, the typical HUS, is associated with Shiga toxin (Stx) producing bacteria, such asEscherichiacoli,Shigelladysenteriae, andCitrobacterfreundii. Less frequent is HUS, caused by a neuraminidase producing streptococcus (pneumococcal HUS). The most uncommon form is the atypical HUS, which is a genetic orphan disease associated with an abnormality in the regulatory protein of the complement system. HUS has a fairly high mortality rate, amounting to 10–15% on average. The long-term outcomes of HUS depend on its type, as well as on the degree of the primary body tissue damage. According to the data from Novosibirsk Children's Municipal Clinical Hospital No 3 from 1991, 44 cases of HUS in children have been identified. Complete recovery, without any residual abnormalities, was registered in 25 children (56.8% of the cases). Nine children (20.5%) developed chronic kidney disease and 10 (22.7%) of all HUS cases were fatal. Early diagnosis, as well as the identification of pathogenetic mechanisms, is the basis for adequate therapy and outcome prediction.Campylobactermay be one of the causative agents of HUS. Despite new cases ofCampylobacter-associated HUS being registered in the world, the very possibility of HUS induction by this pathogen and its pathophysiology are currently unclear. There is no convincing evidence for both Stx and the neuraminidase-related mechanism of HUS inCampylobacterinfections. Given the high incidence of autoimmune disorders like Guillain-Barre syndrome and reactive arthritis inCampylobacterinfections, it is currently impossible to exclude an autoimmune mechanism of HUS in these diseases. Thus, the role ofCampylobacter, as a new potential bacterial agent of HUS, as well as the pathogenesis of such conditions inCampylobacterinfections, requires further study.

Purpose of the study.To investigate the features of lesions of the gastrointestinal tract in diff erent variants of the course of COVID-19 in children.Materials and methods.A single-center prospective study was carried out to study the clinical and laboratory manifestations of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) lesions in different variants of the course of COVID-19 in children. The study was carried out in the following groups: group No. 1 — pediatric patients with a verified diagnosis (according to ICD 10) “U07.1. COVID-19 virus identified, confirmed by laboratory tests, regardless of the severity of clinical signs or symptoms ”, n = 524; group No. 2 — pediatric patients with a verified diagnosis (according to ICD 10) “U10.9 Multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19, unspecified”, n = 46. The article provides a brief description of the observations of the development of autoimmune pathologies (ulcerative colitis, autoimmune hepatitis) in pediatric patients, for whom a postponed COVID-19 infection could be a probable trigger.Results.The leading symptoms of the gastrointestinal tract in patients of group No. 1 were symptoms of acute gastroenteritis, registered in 37.6% of cases. Diarrhea was detected in 21.2% of cases, vomiting — in 16.5%; abdominal pain syndrome — 9.2%. These manifestations were statistically more significant in patients under one year of age, as well as in children of the first three years of life (p≤0.05). Gastrointestinal syndrome in patients of group No. 2 was registered in 67.4% of cases, with vomiting — 60.9% of cases, diarrheal syndrome — 23.9% of cases, abdominal pain syndrome — 82.6%. Other manifestations of the gastrointestinal tract in patients of this group were: reactive hepatitis — 69.6% of cases (average ALT — 98 (47; 347); AST — 107 (34; 347)), reactive pancreatitis — 60.8% of cases (average values of amylase — 127 (28; 269); lipase — 196 (47; 107)). These lesions were of a reactive inflammatory nature, with a probable immune development mechanism.

Цель: разработать методику поэтапного диагностирования, лечения и реализации мероприятий по профилактики соответствующих форм аллергического ринита на основании научно-практического исследования, организованного авторами статьи. Материалы и методы: группу исследования составили 60 пациентов в возрасте от 23 до 64 лет с диагнозом аллергический ринит на базе лечебно-диагностического учреждения г. Новосибирска в 2017 г. в формате анкетирования с дальнейшим анализом и синтезом полученных результатов исследования. Результаты: существующие варианты диагностики, лечения, профилактических мероприятий аллергического ринита требуют оптимизации. Выводы: разработана авторская методика поэтапного диагностирования, лечения и реализации мероприятий по профилактики соответствующих форм аллергического ринита.

Cytomegalovirus infection is an infectious disease caused by the highly common herpes virus type 5, characterized by polytropic lesions of organs and systems, complex immunological reactions on the part of the macroorganism, with the formation of a long, often lifelong persistence of the virus in the body. Currently, there is an increase in the incidence of cytomegalovirus infection in all countries of the world. According to epidemiological data, most people become infected with cytomegalovirus during their lives. Thus, in Europe and the United States, 40-60% of the adult population is seropositive for cytomegalovirus; in developing countries, the prevalence of cytomegalovirus infection is even higher – 80% of children and almost the entire adult population. Among pregnant women, specific antibodies to cytomegalovirus are determined from 40% in developed to 100% in developing countries. The frequency of intrauterine transmission of cytomegalovirus ranges from 0,2-2,2%, averaging 1% in the population. The variety of clinical forms, from a subclinical course to the development of severe life-threatening forms in special, immunocompromised groups of patients, makes cytomegalovirus infection a complex and urgent problem of modern medicine. One of the main «target organs» for cytomegalovirus is the hepatobiliary system. A small number of observations, limited data on the pathogenesis of the development of liver damage in cytomegalovirus infection in children, as well as the lack of uniform regulatory documents for the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions in pediatric practice served as the basis for writing this article. The paper provides relevant data on the pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis, as well as approaches to the treatment of cytomegalovirus hepatitis in children.