Ageing is a genetically programmed physiological process that is accompanied by certain age-related changes in the human psyche. The complex and contradictory nature of human ageing is associated with quantitative and qualitative changes in the biological structures. When changes in the personality of an old person are assessed, more often than not negative features are mentioned; however, positive changes in his or her intellectual-mental sphere must also be taken into account. Impaired performance in intellectual tests in the elderly may be linked not to a drop in mental abilities but with a loss of interest in trivial tasks of a formal-logical nature and a shift to different semantic content virtually not addressed by conventional tests. In addition, it should be particularly emphasized that all tests of the intellectual integrity of an elderly person only include questions related to the cognitive sphere, and do not contain questions from the creative sphere. And it is in the latter, in particular, where an elderly person often has significant advantages over younger age groups. Features of human mental development in old age are made up of several closely related factors, due to changes in the biosocial status of a person. The ageing process can, in certain elements, be controlled, and the intelligent participation of the individual in maintaining psychological health in the period of gerontogenesis should be increased.

It is noted that the desire to be immortal is the most important, strongest and oldest, alas, unrealizable dream of a person. A brief review of the history of the fight against human aging in different countries in different eras is given, as well as an analysis of the theoretical justifications for the causes and mechanisms of aging, the development of means and methods for combating old age. It is noted that the universal "geroprotector" is systematic work in its various physical and intellectual variants. It is shown that only the combined efforts of society, the state and the individual can optimally solve the problem of longevity of the country's population.

Introduction. Currently, chronic kidney disease is called a "silent killer", since patients with the development of a pathological process do not experience pain for a long time, modern functional and laboratory diagnostic methods also do not allow to determine the early signs of this disease, which contributes to the chronicity of the disease. Purpose: to reveal the hidden signs of the pathology of the urinary system according to the structures of the solid phase of the patient's urine. Materials and methods. The urine of 359 patients without signs of renal pathology was studied. The method of analysis of solid-phase structures of dehydrated urine (facies) was applied by microscopy in ordinary and polarized light. Processing the structures of the solid phase of urine with a stream of steam of boiling water caused their recrystallization, which made it possible to reveal hidden markers of renal pathology. Results. Analysis of the structure of native urine facies (N-facies) showed that in all examined patients they were completely covered with salt crystals, which corresponded to the physiological state of the body. Steam jet treatment of urine N-facies revealed organic (non-mineralized) inclusions in 23 patients, and a marker of bacteriuria was detected in 9 patients. The study of urine facies with the Lithos protein reagent (LR-facies) showed that the Lithos-reagent protein dissolves organic inclusions and they cease to appear in LR-facies. In 15 patients, organo-mineral microaggregates were detected in the marginal zone of the LR-facies of urine. After exposure to steam, these microaggregates disappeared in 7 patients, and remained in 8. In 9 patients, in whose N-facies, after steaming, a marker of bacteriuria was manifested, in the LR-facies of urine of 7 patients, a marker of candidiasis was detected. Conclusion. The study of the structure of urine facies before and after their treatment with boiling water steam makes it possible to identify hidden forms of renal pathology: insufficient filtration capacity of the kidneys, the risk of nephrolithiasis, bacterial and fungal infection. The data obtained make it possible to ensure timely prevention and treatment in the early stages of the disease.

A study of solid-phase structures of blood serum using wedge-shaped and marginal dehydration methods (Litos system technology) was conducted in order to find out the causes of an inflammatory reaction followed by fibrosis in the second operated joint in a patient with bilateral knee arthritis. The study was aimed at identifying specific morphological markers that characterize the bodys response to the endoprosthesis material. Its solid-phase structures indicated the activation of a hyperergic reaction with daily incubation of blood serum with an alloy of titanium, aluminum, and vanadium. On the contrary, the immunological activity of blood serum can be suppressed and the structures present in it can be transformed into amorphous detritus with the incubation of an alloy of cobalt, chromium, and molybdenum. It was observed from the study that the nature of the immunological reaction of a sensitized organism depends on the type of metals that are part of the endoprosthesis. The immune response causes inflammation of the periarticular tissue, followed by its fibrosation and the formation of a scar demarcation shell that separates the periarticular tissue from the endoprosthesis and performs the function of an immunological barrier on the alloy of titanium, aluminum, and vanadium. On the other hand, an immunological reaction causes the destruction of inflamed periarticular tissue, followed by gradual destruction of the articular bag on the alloy of cobalt, chromium, and molybdenum.

For many centuries, scientists have been trying to find an answer to the question: why do living organisms age? Many scientific theories have been proposed to explain individual mechanisms of aging. However, even their integral analysis does not allow us to develop a universal theory of aging. At the same time, all existing theories classify aging as a purely negative phenomenon of life. Target of review — to show the fundamental role of aging in the evolutionary development of living matter. A fundamentally new interpretation of the biological meaning of aging in the process of ontogenesis and the development of living nature as a whole is given in the form of a hypothesis of the collection, formation and archiving of structural information in the tissues of the body at the molecular level. It is assumed that evolutionary development is carried out through mutation of genome molecules and the conformation of protein molecules. These transformations result from the search by organic molecules for new information, which is archived in their structure in the form of rigid blocks. As information archives grow, the functionally active part of the organic molecule decreases. These changes are at the heart of the aging process. Upon reaching the limit of archival accumulation of new information, structural formations cease their vital activity and undergo metabolic processing by their own body or other organisms of the biosphere. A hypothesis has been put forward about the basic mechanism of aging of the body in the form of collection, processing and archiving of molecular biological information. The continuous exchange between organisms of constantly improving structural blocks of molecular information in the biosphere through universal metabolism determines the evolutionary development of living matter as a whole.