The Zabaikalskaya horse is an indigenous breed of horses from Siberia with diverse use. It is characterized by e durance and good adaptability to year-round herd maintenance in the harsh conditions of the Baikal steppes. To determine the genetic characteristics of the maternal lineage of the Zabaikalskaya horse breed based on mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms, we collected hair samples from 31 horses belonging to breeding farms in the Trans-Baikal Territory. Analysis of the 530 bp sequence of the mtDNA D-loop was performed using the maximum composite likelihood (MCL) model in combination with bootstrap analysis. When studying the polymorphism of the hypervariable region of the mtDNA D-loop in Zabaikalskaya horses, we identified 31 haplotypes representing 8 haplogroups: B, C, G, H, L, M, Q and R according to modern classification. The sequenced fragment of the D-loop from nucleotide position 15471 to 16000 contained 17 polymorphic sites, mainly represented by the A→G, G→A and T→C transitions. The haplogroups Q (25.81 %), B (19.35 %), G (16.13 %) and H (12.90 %) were prevailing in the mtDNA structure of this breed. Genetic analysis of the mitochondrial genome of the Zabaikalskaya horse revealed a high level of diversity of haplotypes and haplogroups, which are typical for the horse populations of Eurasia.

The genetic potential of wool and meat productivity of semi-coarse wool sheep was evaluated for the creation of animal groups that would meet requirements of the desirable type. The article presents the results of the study of productivity and breeding abilities of semi-coarse wool sheep of Aginskaya breed, Zugalai type, belonging to mutton-wool production type. The study was carried out in the pedigree breeding unit of Trans-Baikal Territory. The scope of research was to study productive and breeding qualities of sheep of various age and gender groups. It was established that sheep of Aginskaya breed, Zugalai type, correspond to the elite class by 37.5%, fi rst class – by 51.7% and second class – by 10.8%. Zugalai type semicoarse wool rams exceed the breed standard in live weight by 37.4%, replacement rams – by 38.0%, ewes – by 15.4% and young ewes – by 25.7%, and in terms of pure wool production – by 28.6; 25.0; 7.7 and 8.3%, respectively. Production and yield of wool, its length, morphological composition and fi neness by fractions of semi-coarse wool sheep were identifi ed. The semi-coarse wool of Zugalayan sheep is heterogeneous and consists of fi ne fl eece (79.5-80.6%), medullated fi bers (12.7-13.4%) and coarse hair (6.0-7.8%). The fi neness of fi bers by fractions varies between 21.4-22.9 microns for fi ne fl eece, 39.7-40.2 for medullated fi bers and 72.2-77.3 for coarse hair. The results of the control slaughter of semi-coarse wool rams at the age of 6 months show their reasonably high meat productivity. The slaughter mass of Zugalai type specimens is 18.5 kg, the slaughter yield is 50.9%, fi rst grade meat yield is 92.9%, the meatiness ratio is 3.8.

Представлены результаты изучения продуктивных качеств молодняка полугрубошерстных овец в зависимости от происхождения в период выращивания от рождения до 18-месячного возраста. Исследования проведены в Забайкальском крае в племенном репродукторе. Под наблюдением находились три группы подопытных особей: контрольная состояла из чистопородного полугрубошерстного молодняка агинской породы, 1-я опытная – из помесей второго поколения по казахской полугрубошерстной породе, полученных от разведения «в себе», 2-я опытная – из помесного молодняка второго поколения по агинской породе, полученных от разведения «в себе». Особи 2-й опытной группы имели преимущество по росту, развитию и убойным качествам над чистопородными аналогами агинской породы и животными 1-й опытной группы. В возрасте 18 мес выявлено достоверное преимущество по средней живой массе баранчиков 2-й опытной группы над аналогами контрольной и 1-й опытной – соответственно на 7,1 и 10,1%. У ярочек достоверное превосходство над сверстницами по массе тела было установлено в возрасте 12 мес (6,2 и 9,5% соответственно). По убойным качествам в возрасте 4 и 18 мес у баранчиков 2-й опытной группы достоверное преимущество отмечено по массе туши и убойной массе (р < 0,05–0,001). Чистопородные особи агинской породы отличались лучшими показателями шерстной продуктивности.

The article presents the results of multiyear research to create a new type of demi-coarse wool sheep of the Aginskaya breed in severe environmental conditions of the Trans-Baikal region. At present,...

Коневодство в Бурятии является одной из эффективных отраслей животноводства, а бурятская порода лошадей генетически приспособлена к суровым климатическим условиям. Представлены результаты современного состояния линий бурятской породы лошадей. Дана характеристика каждого родоначальника и их продолжателей. Линейная структура бурятской породы представлена 4 линиями, которые имеют продолжателей. В генеалогии породы лидируют линии жеребцов Монгола, Соловья, Томо-Алаг и Чижа. Выявлено положительное влияние созданных новых линий на улучшение продуктивных качеств лошадей бурятской породы. Установлено, что по всем промерам статей тела жеребцы-производители в среднем превышают стандарт породы: по высоте в холке — на 2,5 см, или на 1,7 %; по длине туловища — на 6,2 см, или на 4,3 %; по обхвату груди — на 10,0 см, или на 5,7 %; по обхвату пясти — на 2,1 см, или на 11,3 %. По живой массе жеребцы-производители превосходили стандарт породы на 65,0 кг, или на 15,8 %. Лучшими показателями продуктивности отличается потомство линий жеребцов Соловья и Томо-Алаг (P < 0,01 – 0,001).

Aim.To study the motor activity of sheep of the Zabaykal (Transbaikal) and Agin breeds in year‐round grazing in relation to the season of the year.Material and Methods.The research was carried out in the steppe zone of the Aginsky District of Zabaykalsky Territory. Garmin eTrex 20x GPS receivers were used in the research with the help of which motor activity and the speed of sheep in pasture were monitored. Weather conditions were taken into account for the relevant research periods using data from the meteorological service.Results.Average daily air temperature in winter was – 23.30°C, air velocity 1.3 m/s and relative air humidity 67.3%, and in spring was 13.70°C; 4.1 m/s and 35.6%, in summer – 20.90°C; 1.6 m/s and 77.3% and in autumn – 1.10°С below zero, 2.4 m/s and 50.1%. It was found that the sheep being monitored travelled different distances with different speeds of movement depending on the season of the year and origin. They travelled the greatest distance in winter with a higher average speed of movement and a shorter distance in the summer. At the same time, it was noted that semi‐coarse‐wooled (Agin) sheep passed 12378 m during the 8‐hour grazing period, which is 24.9% more than fine‐wooled (Zabaykal) sheep (Р˂0.01), in spring – 8,168 m (22.3% more, Р ˂0.05), summer – 6,511 m (24.5% more, Р˂0.01) and autumn – 9,214 m (40.3% more). The average speed of movement of semi‐coarse‐wooled sheep was higher than fine‐wooled by 80.0% (P˂0.05), 25.0, 9.1 and 23.1% (P˂0.05), respecƟvely. The nutritional value of 1 kg of dry matter of pasture grass was higher in the summer and amounted to 0.68 units with a content of 1 unit 93.1 g of digestible protein.Conclusion.The research data allow us to conclude that the motor activityand the speed of movement of sheep in pasture directly depends on the season of the year and the nutritional value of pasture grass, as well as on type of breed.