The Mediterranean Region is the primary early-season peach-producing area of Türkiye. Peach and nectarine cultivars are widely grown on the GF-677 rootstock. However, in recent years, the use of alternative rootstocks has become increasingly common. Considering the calcareous and heavy nature of the regional soils, it is important to compare the performance of newly introduced rootstocks that can adapt to these conditions. In this context, the yield and economic performance of the Flored peach and Crimson Baby nectarine cultivars were examined on commonly used rootstocks (GF-677 and Garnem) and on next-generation rootstocks (Rootpac 40, Rootpac R, and Patrones-Arda) under conventional cultivation conditions. For the Flored peach cultivar, the highest relative profit of 1.07 was obtained with the Rootpac 40 rootstock. However, the differences among the rootstocks were not statistically significant at the 5% level. In the Crimson Baby nectarine cultivar and its rootstock combinations, profitability increased markedly with the Rootpac R rootstock. According to the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the differences among the rootstocks were statistically significant at the 5% level. In the Mediterranean Region, the Rootpac R and Rootpac 40 rootstocks stood out due to their positive effects on fruit yield and profitability in peach and nectarine cultivation.