A new limonoid, swietemacrophin (1), was isolated from the seeds of Swietenia macrophylla, together with five known compounds 2–6. The structure of 1 was determined through extensive 1D/2D-NMR and mass-spectrometric analyses. Swietemacrophin (1), humilinolide F (2), 3,6-O,O-diacetylswietenolide (3), 3-O-tigloylswietenolide (4), and swietemahonin E (5) exhibited inhibition (IC₅₀ values ≤ 45.44 μM) of superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils in response to formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP). Compounds 1, 4, 5, and swietenine (6) showed potent inhibition with IC₅₀ values ≤ 36.32 μM, against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) generation.

Two new sesquiterpenoids—13-hydroxycurzerenone (1) and 1-oxocurzerenone (2)—have been isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma zedoaria, together with 13 known compounds (3–15). The structures of two new compounds were determined through spectroscopic and MS analyses. Among the isolated compounds, 13-hydroxycurzerenone (1), 1-oxocurzerenone (2), curzerenone (3), germacrone (4), curcolone (5), procurcumenol (6), ermanin (7), curcumin (8), and a mixture of stigmast-4-en-3,6-dione (12) and stigmasta-4,22-dien-3,6-dione (13) exhibited inhibition (with inhibition % in the range of 21.28%–67.58%) against collagen-induced platelet aggregation at 100 μM. Compounds 1, 5, 7, 8, and the mixture of 12 and 13 inhibited arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation at 100 μM with inhibition % in the range of 23.44%–95.36%.