Widespread adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies is substantially affecting the human condition in ways that are not yet well understood. Negative unintended consequences abound including the perpetuation and exacerbation of societal inequalities and divisions via algorithmic decision making. We present six grand challenges for the scientific community to create AI technologies that are human-centered, that is, ethical, fair, and enhance the human condition. These grand challenges are the result of an international collaboration across academia, industry and government and represent the consensus views of a group of 26 experts in the field of human-centered artificial intelligence (HCAI). In essence, these challenges advocate for a human-centered approach to AI that (1) is centered in human well-being, (2) is designed responsibly, (3) respects privacy, (4) follows human-centered design principles, (5) is subject to appropriate governance and oversight, and (6) interacts with individuals while respecting human’s cognitive capacities. We hope that these challenges and their associated research directions serve as a call for action to conduct research and development in AI that serves as a force multiplier towards more fair, equitable and sustainable societies.

Mobile technology’s ubiquity has caused a shift in how students learn and how pedagogy can take place. Educators have the potential to engage students more fully in the modern educational environment, by making learning content and interactions accessible via mobile devices, both within and outside of the classroom. There is a need to leverage the learning science literature on learner engagement to identify the most effective means of utilizing mobile and online technology to engage learners. Utilizing foundational engagement theory, this paper presents an Applied Model of Learner Engagement, including the individual, task and environmental factors that influence how likely a student is to become engaged in learning content. Based on this model, we present instructional interventions that educational practitioners can utilize to more effectively engage learners, as well as best practice guidance for achieving this, with mobile and online learning technology, in the modern educational environment.