Structure of previously unknown aldose 1,2-dithiolan-3-pentanoyl hydrazones—condensation products of a series of monosaccharides (L-fucose, L-rhamnose, D-mannose, D-galactose, N-acetylamino-D-glucose and N-acetylamino-D-mannose) with lipoic acid hydrazide was studied by spectral methods. It was shown that all the obtained compounds exist in DMSO-d₆ solution as a tautomeric mixture of open hydrazone and cyclic pyranose forms. The linear hydrazone form is represented by a set of Z′,E′-conformational isomers, differing in the arrangement of substituents relative to the C–N amide bond, in comparable amounts. On the basis of the indicated aldose 1,2-dithiolan-3-pentanoyl hydrazones, a method for the synthesis of gold glyconanoparticles with an average particle diameter of 23–28 nm and a low value of the polydispersity index has been developed. It was shown that individual aldose 1,2-dithiolan-3-pentanoyl hydrazones have a significant radioprotective effect, and glyconanoparticles based on them increase the effectiveness of radiation therapy for Ehrlich carcinoma.

The two-step method for the synthesis of previously unknown 1-hydroxy-2,3-dihydropyrazolo[1,2-c]­benzo-1,3,4-thiadiazepin-11(5H)-one has been developed based on 2-mercaptobenzoic acid hydrazide and commercially available formaldehyde and acrolein. The synthesized compound, which has a targeted antitumor effect, is a promising bioactive co-ligand for obtaining gold glyco-nanoparticles for biomedical purposes.

The reaction of 4-hydroxy-1-phenyl-6-methyltetrahydropyrimidine-2(1H)-thione with 6-sulfanylhexanoic and lipoic (thioctic) acid hydrazides forms 4-[ω-(sulfanylacyl)hydrazino]tetrahydropyrimidine-2(1H)-thiones in yields of 60–75%. The products are promising сo-ligands for the preparation of glyco-gold nanoparticles for biomedical purposes.

The structure of previously unknown condensation products of a series of aldoses (N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, D-mannose, D-galactose, and L-fucose) with 4-mercaptobutyric acid hydrazide, promising glyco-ligands of noble metal nanoparticles, has been studied by means of ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. It has been shown that the derivatives of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, D-mannose, and D-galactose exist as a tautomeric mixture of open hydrazone and cyclic pyranose forms in the solution in DMSO-d₆. The linear hydrazone form is represented by a set of Z′,E′-conformational isomers, differing in the arrangement of substituents relative to the amide C–N bond, in comparable quantities. The condensation product obtained from L-fucose is an exclusively cyclic pyranose structure in the crystalline state and in solutions in DMSO-d₆, represented by a single β-configuration isomer.

The reaction of 4-hydroxy-1-phenyl-6-methyltetrahydropyrimidine-2(1H)-thione with 6-mercaptohexanoic and lipoic (thioctic) acids hydrazides in yields of 60–75% to form 4-[ω-(mercaptoacyl)hydrazino]-tetrahydropyrimidine-2(1H)-thiones as a promising сo-ligands for the preparation of gold glyco-nanoparticles for biomedical purposes.

Interaction of 1-phenyl-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine-2(1H)-one with 4-mercaptobuturic acid hydrazide proceeds as ANRORC (Addition of the Nucleophile–Ring Opening–Ring Closure) process and results in the formation with 60% yield of 1-(4-mercaptobutanoyl)-3,5-dimethyl-5-(3-phenylcarbamoylamino)-2-pyrazoline as promising сo-ligand for the preparation of gold glyco-nanoparticles for biomedical purposes.