Objective Magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) provides effective fetal neuroprotection. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding the association between antenatal MgSO₄ exposure and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Thus, herein, we aimed to evaluate the association between antenatal MgSO₄ exposure and PDA. Study Design Preterm infants born between 24^0/7 and 31^6/7 weeks of gestation were included in this retrospective study. Infants who died within the first 72 hours of life and those with significant congenital anomalies were excluded from the study. Echocardiographic and clinical assessment parameters were used to define PDA and hemodynamically significant PDA (hsPDA). Treatments were planned according to the standard protocols of the unit. The following data were collected from hospital medical records: perinatal characteristics, neonatal outcomes, detailed PDA follow-up findings, and maternal characteristics including MgSO₄ exposure and doses. Results Of the 300 included infants, 98 (32.6%) were exposed to antenatal MgSO₄. hsPDA rates were similar in the infants exposed and not exposed to antenatal MgSO₄, when adjusted for antenatal steroid administration, gestational age, and birth weight (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 0.849–3.118, p = 0.146). The rates of PDA ligation and open PDA at discharge were similar between the groups. A cumulative MgSO₄ dose of >20 g was associated with an increased risk of hsPDA (crude OR: 2.476, 95% CI: 0.893–6.864, p = 0.076; adjusted OR: 3.829, 95% CI: 1.068–13.728, p = 0.039). However, the cumulative dose had no effect on the rates of PDA ligation or open PDA at discharge. Rates of prematurity-related morbidities and mortality were similar between the groups. Conclusion Although antenatal MgSO₄ exposure may increase the incidence of hsPDA, it may not affect the rates of PDA ligation or open PDA at discharge. Further studies are required to better evaluate the dose-dependent outcomes and identify the MgSO₄ dose that not only provides neuroprotection but also has the lowest risk of adverse effects. Key Points Approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Ankara University Faculty of Medicine. The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. Received: 22 August 2023 Accepted: 12 January 2024 Article published online: 06 February 2024 © 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved. Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USA

Intestinal malrotation is estimated to occur in approximately 1 in 500 live births, although symptomatic cases are considerably less common. Midgut volvulus is a potentially devastating complication of malrotation that requires urgent evaluation because it may rapidly progress to intestinal ischemia and bowel loss. However, plain radiographs may be misleading when proximal obstruction produces a double-bubble-like appearance. We report a term female neonate who developed bilious vomiting on the first postnatal day. Initial radiography suggested duodenal atresia. Clinical deterioration with leukocytosis, elevated C-reactive protein, and rising lactate prompted urgent laparotomy at 48 hours of life. Severe midgut volvulus with three complete turns and near-total small-bowel ischemia was identified. Detorsion and planned second-look laparotomy allowed bowel preservation and completion of the Ladd procedure. Persistent postoperative obstruction later revealed a 30-cm post-ischemic fibrotic stricture requiring resection. Approximately 80 cm of small bowel and the colon were preserved. Midgut volvulus should remain in the differential diagnosis of neonatal bilious vomiting, even when radiography suggests duodenal atresia.

Purpose: Eating problems and anorexia are frequent conditions in childhood. However, a small proportion of children are diagnosed with feeding disorders. It is very important for children with eating disorders to be diagnosed early and to begin treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and demographic characteristics of patients being followed with feeding disorders.Methods: This study was carried out among one hundred children diagnosed with feeding disorders under 18 years old who attended the Gastroenterology Outpatient Clinic at Bezmialem University Hospital between January 2013 and December 2014. Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients were recorded in the prepared research form by the file scanning method. Childhood eating disorders were classified using appropriate criteria, and the Chatoor classification was used.Results: One hundred cases were described as 64 (%64) sensory food aversions, 4 (%4) infantile anorexia, 4 (%4) posttraumatic feeding disorders, 17 (%17) comorbid feeding disorders, and 11 (%11) complex feeding disorders. Height z scores were -0.81±1.75, weight z scores were -0.92±1.55, and the average age of cases was 36.57±32.21 months (min: 3, max: 184, median: 27).Conclusion: This study concluded that eating disorders should be evaluated and managed by a multidisciplinary team including a clinician, dietician, psychologist/psychiatrist, physiotherapist, and/or speech therapist.

Perlman syndrome is an extremely rare syndrome characterized by polyhydramnios, fetal overgrowth, facial dysmorphism and visceromegaly, and inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. We here report a male infant born to consanguineous parents with prenatal history of polyhydramnios, fetal ascites, nephromegaly, corpus callosum agenesis and choroid plexus cysts, and presented with nephromegaly, hepatomegaly, cholestasis, cardiomegaly, cryptorchidism, respiratory distress, hypoglycemia, generalized muscle hypotonia after birth, and died due to progressive respiratory decompensation at the age of 6 months. He was diagnosed with Perlman syndrome (#267000) confirmed with a homozygous variant mutation in the DIS3L2 gene.