Aim. In this study we evaluated the effects of Riamilovir on SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding and on admission duration in patients with moderate COVID-19. Materials and methods. We have used data from 69 health records of patients with moderate severe PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Control group included 34 patients treated with off-label riamilovir 1250 mg per day for 5 days (250 mg 5 times a day), comparison groups 35 patients, who received ribavirin and umifenovir 800 mg a day for 5 days. The antiviral therapy was administered within 72 hours from the onset of the disease. The primary endpoints were elimination of virus in oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swabs on 7 day of admission and discharge from the hospital by 14 day. Results. Patients assigned to riamilovir had significantly shorter time to clinical improvement as well as increased PCR negative rate by day 7. Conclusion. Yearly administration of riamilovir as opposed to the umifenovir and ribavirin in therapy of moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with significant shorter time to clinical improvement by 14 day of hospitalization. PCR negative rate by 7 days of hospitalization is significantly more likely in riamilovir group.

The aimof the study was to carry out meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in order to combine the results of clinical trials on Triazavirin^®(Riamilovir) efficacy in the etiotropic therapy of acute respiratory viral infection.Materials and methods.The studies included 435 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of acute respiratory viral infection or ARVI (with laboratory confirmed absence of influenza virus antigens). The research was carried out in 27 centers. In studies, patients were divided into 3 groups in a 1:1:1 ratio (a total of 145 people per group). Each study included a group taking 100 mg of the medication 5 times a day, a group taking 250 mg of the medication 3 times a day and a placebo 2 times a day, as well as a group taking a placebo 5 times a day. The analysis was carried out in accordance with the PRISMA principles regarding the quality of information presentation on the results of systematic reviews and meta-analyzes of works evaluating the effects of medical interventions.Results. The conducted meta-analysis showed that the use of Triazavirin^®(Riamilovir) has a statistically significantly effects on the severity of clinical symptoms in patients with ARVI. The performed meta-analysis confirmed reliable associations between the use of Triazavirin^®(Riamilovir) in both doses and the chance of a persistent improvement in clinical symptoms on the 5^thday of therapy. The meta-analysis also confirmed the statistical significance of the clinical effects of Riamilovir by such indicators as the area under the curve «point on the scale showing the severity of the condition in a patient with ARVI in relation to time», the proportion of patients with complete alleviation of all symptoms by the end of the 5th day from the start of therapy.Conclusion.The clinical trials proved that the use of Triazavirin^®(Riamilovir) is effective both in the initial and in the late stages of the disease, therefore, the drug can be used in the initial therapy of adult patients with respiratory diseases of viral etiology.

Aim. The study evaluates clinical effectiveness and safety of etiotropic antiviral medications with a direct mechanism of action (Riamilovir, Ribavirin, Umifenovir) for the treatment of moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults. Materials and methods. The study used the data from 59 health records of patients with moderate PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Control group included 29 patients treated with 1250 mg Riamilovir off-label per day for 5 days (250 mg 5 times a day), comparison group consisted of 30 patients, who received 800 mg Ribavirin and Umifenovir per day for 5 days. The effectiveness of the medications was assessed by the duration and severity of general infectious and respiratory syndromes, anosmia and ageusia, as well as the oxygen content in the blood, the timing of SARS-COV-2 virus elimination from the body according to the results of control studies of nasopharyngeal swabs using the PCR method and dynamics of blood tests results. Results. A statistically significant decrease in the duration of fever, cough, and anosmia and a more rapid elimination of the virus from the body were noted in the group of patients receiving Riamilovir. Decreased levels of non-specific inflammatory markers in blood serum, as well as normal values of liver enzymes were observed in control group during therapy, as opposed to the comparison group. No serious adverse events were noted when using the medication. Conclusion. Nucleoside analogue medication Riamilovir showed good effectiveness and safety profile in adult patients with moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Dengue fever is classified as one of the most common viral diseases with a transmission mechanism implemented through arthropod vectors. The expansion of of the Aedes aegypti mosquito is leading to a significant increase in the number of cases of dengue fever in more than 100 countries, highlighting the importance of developing and implementing specific prevention and treatment measures. Etiotropic drugs with proven efficacy against the pathogen are not registered, and the use of the vaccine is approved only among seropositive individuals. In this regard, pathogenetic treatment remains the main therapeutic strategy, however, work on the synthesis of antiviral drugs is being actively carried out. Due to the unique functions of non-structural proteins NS3 and NS5 in the viral replication cycle, they have become the main targets for studying the antiviral activity of a number of chemotherapy drugs. Of these proteins, due to the most conserved structure, the NS5 protein is a promising target for inhibition, however, success in obtaining a clinical effect using a number of available antiviral drugs has not been reached. This study describes the positive experience of using the nucleoside analogue riamilovir in the treatment of a patient with dengue fever in the Republic of Guinea.

Aim. To evaluate clinical efficacy of nucleoside analogues in therapy of moderate COVID-19 in in-patients. Materials and methods. Retrospective processing of 108 completed clinical cases with moderate novel coronavirus disease was carried out for the period 20202021. The duration of the disease at the time of admission did not exceed three days. Experimental group consisted of 53 patients who, in addition to standard therapy, were prescribed off-label riamilovir at a daily dosage of 1250 mg for 5 days by the decision of the medical commission. Comparison group included 55 patients who received a combination of umifenovir and ribavirin as antiviral therapy for 5 days. The duration of the main clinical manifestations of the disease, the indicators of clinical and biochemical blood tests, results of the SARS-CoV-2 virus RNA study using the nucleic acid amplification method (NAAT diagnostics). Results. Significantly faster achievement of clinical improvement in the group of patients treated with riamilovir was shown, as well as faster sanitation from SARS-CoV-2 virus based on the results of etiological testing. Conclusion. The use of riamilovir for the treatment of patients with moderate novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) resulted in a significant reduction of general infectious syndromes and respiratory symptoms. Patients from the experimental group significantly faster achieved clinical recovery and sanitation from the pathogen according to the results of NAAT diagnostics.

Aim. To evaluate the clinical effectiveness, safety and compare the incidence of hospitalization during treatment with antiviral drugs with a direct mechanism of action (riamilovir and umifenovir) in people with acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) in an outpatient setting. Materials and methods. The study included 150 outpatients with ARVI aged 18–27 years: 50 patients received riamilovir 250 mg 3 times a day for 5 days, the second group included 50 patients who received umifenovir 200 mg 4 times a day for 5 days, 50 individuals received only pathogenetic treatment. Results. The use of direct-acting antiviral drugs was characterized by the least severity of pain and aches in the body, general weakness, and in the group of patients receiving riamilovir, the lowest severity of rhinitis, cough, and the lowest morning body temperature were recorded compared to other groups. In riamilovir group reduction in the duration of the disease was observed. The lowest frequency of ARVI pathogens detection was observed on the 6th day in riamilovir group. Outpatient treatment with riamilovir was accompanied by a minimal number of cases of the disease requiring hospitalization. Conclusion. The use of direct antiviral drugs contributes to the rapid relief of ARVI symptoms in patients receiving medical care on an outpatient basis. The antiviral drug riamilovir showed the most pronounced effectiveness (clinical and laboratory).