The aim of this prospective, randomized and controlled study was to compare the clinical efficacy of intravenous magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) and oral sildenafil therapies with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. A total of 34 infants in the MgSO₄ group and 31 infants in the sildenafil group completed the study. The time to reach the adequate clinical response [defined as oxygen index (OI) level of 5 as speculated in our hypothesis could only be found at 36 h of the treatment, sildenafil was more effective than MgSO₄ in the treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborns with regard to time to adequate clinical response, duration of mechanical ventilation and support requirement with inotropic agents.

We aimed to compare the accuracy of digital axillary thermometer (DAT), rectal glass mercury thermometer (RGMT), infrared tympanic thermometer (ITT) and infrared forehead skin thermometer (IFST) measurements with traditional axillary glass mercury thermometer (AGMT) for intermittent temperature measurement in sick newborns. A prospective, descriptive and comparative study in which five different types of thermometer readings were performed sequentially for 3 days. A total of 1989 measurements were collected from 663 newborns. DAT and ITT measurements correlated most closely to AGMT (r = 0.94). The correlation coefficent for IFST and RGMT were 0.74 and 0.87, respectively. The mean differences for DAT, ITT, RGMT and IFST were +0.02°C, +0.03°C, +0.25°C and +0.55°C, respectively. There were not any clinical differences (defined as a mean difference of 0.2°C) between both mean AGMT&DAT and AGMT&ITT measurements. Our study suggests that tympanic thermometer measurement could be used as an acceptable and practical method for sick newborn in neonatal units.

Objectives. To evaluate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of symptomatic and asymptomatic polycythemic neonates performed partial exchange transfusion (PET) and to determine the time of resolution of symptoms and effect of PET on short-term morbidity. Methods. This prospective cohort study was conducted with symptomatic (hematocrit; Hct >65% plus a clinical symptom) and asymptomatic (Hct level >70% without any symptoms) neonates who underwent PET due to polycythemia. Results. Among the patients performed PET, 43 (69.3%) were symptomatic and 19 (30.7%) asymptomatic. Persistent pulmonary hypertension and minor problems like hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and thrombocytopenia improved in all patients within 24 h, 2.5 ± 1.0, 3.1 ± 1.4, 56.2 ± 16.9, and 53.5 ± 10.5 h, respectively, after PET (in except one symptomatic neonate with hypoglycemia). In symptomatic group, in three patients with suspected necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) prior to PET stage IIa NEC developed. No other clinical and ultrasonographic findings were observed after PET. Conclusions. Early morbidities, due to polycythemia may be reversed with PET within a short time. PET did not increase or cause any complications except NEC. The issue that either NEC was a sign of polycythemia or a complication of PET could not be definitely outlined.