Energy crisis is one of the biggest problems in the third world developing country like Bangladesh. There is a big gap between generation and demand of Electric energy. Almost 50% population of our country is very far away from this blessings. Renewable energy is the only solution of this problem to be an energy efficient developed country. Solar energy is one of the great resources of the renewable energy which can play a crucial role in developing a power deficient country like Bangladesh. This paper provides a proposal of using dual axis solar tracker instead of solar panel. This encompasses a design of ideal solar house model using azimuth-altitude dual axis solar tracker on rooftop. It has been proved through mathematical calculation that the solar energy increases up to 50-60% where dual axis solar tracker is used. Apart from the mentioned design, this paper presents a structure and application of a microcontroller based azimuth-altitude dual axis solar tracker which tracks the solar panel according to the direction of the solar radiation. A built-in ADC converter is used to drive motor circuit. To minimize the power consumption by dual axis solar tracker, we are in favor of using two stepper motor especially during the seasonal change. The proposed model demonstrates that we require a very small amount of power from national grid if we can install dual axis solar tracker on rooftops of our residence; this is how increasing energy demand can effectively be met.

This paper presents a new approach to improving the battery performance and its longevity by the implementation of torque sensor pedal technology on the developed electric triwheeler vehicle (i.e., wheelchair). The paper has also discussed integration of the torque sensor technology with the overall electrical system of the vehicle. Incorporating the components of torque sensor technology reduces the human effort immensely by providing assistance from the battery bank to drive a hub motor while maneuvering the wheelchair using the torque sensor pedal. Field tests were carried out in three different stages, one with pedal, one with the throttle only, and with varying the load on the wheelchair, to distinguish the effect of load test on battery performance using the pedal. Results of the field tests reveal that the state of charge of batteries has been minimized using the pedal due to the contribution of the muscular energy of the user along with the battery energy to meet the total energy demand of the motor. Analyzing test results with the torque sensor pedal clarifies that the vehicle covers a longer distance, lessens power dissipation from the batteries, and reduces energy consumption from the batteries, which leads to improvement of the battery performance and its longevity ensuring sustainability of the electric vehicle.

This paper presents a case study to examine the economic viability and performance analysis of a microcontroller based solar powered battery operated autorickshaw (m-SBAR), for the developing countries, which is compared with different types of rickshaws such as pedal rickshaw (PR), battery operated autorickshaw (BAR), and solar-powered battery operated autorickshaw (SBAR), available in Bangladesh. The BAR consists of a rickshaw structure, a battery bank, a battery charge controller, a DC motor driver, and a DC motor whereas the proposed m-SBAR contains additional components like solar panel and microcontroller based DC motor driver. The complete design considered the local radiation data and load profile of the proposed m-SBAR. The Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) analysis, Net Present Worth, payback periods, and Benefit-to-Cost Ratio methods have been used to evaluate the financial feasibility and sensitivity analysis of m-SBAR, grid-powered BAR, and PR. The numerical analysis reveals that LCOE and Benefit-to-Cost Ratio of the proposed m-SBAR are lower compared to the grid-powered BAR. It has also been found that microcontroller based DC motor control circuit reduces battery discharge rate, improves battery life, and controls motor speed efficiency.