The morphology, physical and chemical properties, distribution and composition of mesofauna, hydrothermal regime, dynamics of the aeration porosity, and fertility of pyrogenically modified and soddy-pyrogenic soils of worked-out peat deposits were studied in years with different precipitation. The ash and carbonized horizons were constituents of the pyrogenic profiles of these soils. The surface ash horizons contain grains of quartz sand, ferruginous formations, and carbonates and have an alkaline reaction. The lower lying carbonized horizon is represented by thermally transformed organic matter, and it has an acid reaction and a low water-holding capacity. The studies of the hydrological regime have revealed the differences between the pyrogenically modified and soddy-pyrogenic soils and the necessity of their additional moistening. The moisture reserves in the soddy-pyrogenic-sandy soils were much lower than their optimal amount during the whole growing period, whereas, in the pyrogenically modified peat soils, they were optimal. However, the air humidity in the years when the investigations were performed did not exert any significant influence on the hydrological regime of the soils. The analysis of the temperature regime showed that spontaneous burning of the peat soils studied was impossible. Within 2–3 years after the fire, the fertility of the pyrogenically modified and soddy-pyrogenic soils was found to be somewhat higher than that of the soils long used for grass growing due to the enrichment of the organic matter with ash. Some measures are recommended for the optimization of the fertility of the pyrogenic soils.

On a global scale, a radical transformation of the healthcare sector is taking place right before our eyes. Health care systems in many countries are changing at an incredible pace under the pressure of innovative digital platforms that have gained popularity under the names of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). AI systems, powered by massive amounts of data collected from everywhere, are able to guarantee optimal decision making for key players in the healthcare industry, from the pharmaceutical industry to the smallest healthcare providers. This article presents the results of the analysis of achievements and prospects for the use of innovative digital technologies and platforms in modern health care. According to international experts in medicine, it is possible to automate 36% of functions, primarily at the levels of data collection and analysis, and the use of AI technologies can significantly increase the gross profit of firms and organizations in relation to medical activities. There is no doubt about this since information has already become the main driver of management across all sectors of the global economy in general and in the health care sector in particular. The main motivations for the penetration of AI into health care are the escalating costs and the urgent need to limit them, the problem of poor-quality diagnostics (up to 30% of ongoing studies turn out to be unreliable or are misinterpreted) and the desire for standardization and automation of routine functions up to the creation of self-managed diagnostic models. However, the biggest challenge for AI in healthcare is not whether these technologies will be useful enough, but how to ensure that they are quickly and efficiently implemented in everyday clinical practice.

Оценка качества подготовки студентов медицинских вузов в период пандемии COVID-19 для будущей работы в практическом здравоохранении

The purpose of the study. To study the health status of employees of the sea, river fleet and mixed river — sea navigation on the basis of the results of mandatory periodic and preliminary medical examinations.Materials and methods. The results of inspections of 2048 employees became the materials of the investigation. Results. There is a high incidence of respirator, endocrine and cardiovascular diseases, which is formed against the background of exposure to a number of risk factors, primarily smoking and high blood pressure. Conclusion. The most important component of health protection for this contingent of employees is the quality of preliminary and periodic medical examinations, the results of which will allow timely identification of chronic noncommunicable diseases and form a set of necessary rehabilitation measures.

The article considers issue of attitude of population of Russia to programs of donorship and transplantation of human organs. The content analysis was applied to messages about transplants of human organs in Russian-language social networks for one month of 2019. The attitude of Russian-speaking net surfers to this problem turned out to be as disinterested and neutral one. Only 11.5% of all messages were emotionally negative due to issues of insecurity of postmortem donorship of organs. The emphasis is made on necessity of more active promotion of humanity of work of transplantologists.