For citation:Kuznetsov D.N., Kobrakov K.I., Ruchkina A.G., Stankevich G.S. Biologically active synthetic organic dyes. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2017. V. 60. N 1. P. 4-33.This review is based on the publications found in CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service) database available from STN (The Scientific and Technical Information Network) with respect to dyes, and the compounds that can be classified as the dyes molecular variants. The substances were categorised based on the dyes chromophore properties. Special care was taken to determine the “composition - property” profile within the range of structurally similar compounds. An extensive list of literature references is provided to support the review's subject, including the authors’ own studies on the synthesis, properties and applications of coloured biologically active compounds. The view covers the uses of coloured biologically active compounds as textile dyes and the uses in other industries such as medical, agricultural etc. The review is substantially focused on biocidal azo dyes for the reason of the great variety of possible diazo and azo components which are used for the synthesis of dyes to create an abundance of biocidal dyes with a wide scale of colors. Usage of dyes which add expressed biocidal properties to the coloured textile and other materials and make them resistent to physical and chemical agents is a subject of obvious practical interest, as this enables the combination of two manufacturing processes in one step: coloration and special chemical treatment. Moreover, as it appears from the review, biocidal dyes may be used as additives to the primary dye, without affecting the colour of the object being dyed, albeit in quantities sufficient to endow the required biocidal properties. As demonstated by the review, streamlined synthesis of textile dyes exhibiting biocidal properties, which are able to make a material resistent to biodeterioration or add medicinal properties to the material, is hard to accomplish due to the lack of profound understanding of the mode of action of such compounds. However, the available “composition - property” data and the computer-aided screening data of the biological activity of organic compounds allow us to model and synthesise target products with a high degree of confidence. The review doesn’t cover the properties of biocidal dyes derived from natural raw materials.

Proceeding from 2,4,6-trihydroxytoluene (methylphloroglucinol) dihydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ones were prepared, and also their bromo and acyl derivatives. The structure of compounds synthesized was est

2,4,6-trihydroxytoluene (methylphloroglucinol) is a promising reagent in organic synthesis, after development out getting it from 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene. We previously synthesized of derivatives of 5,7-dihydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ones by the interaction of 2,4,6-trihydroxytoluene and 2,4,6-trihydroxy-3-methylbenzoic acid with polyfunctional carbonyl compounds. The first time, a detailed analysis of the electronic absorption and fluorescence spectra of derivatives of 5,7-dihydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ones is carried out. In the electronic absorption spectra of the studied compounds, the absorption in the long-wavelength region of the spectrum is determined by electronic transitions with intramolecular charge carry. The possibility of controlling the bathochromic or hypsochromic shift of the long-wavelength absorption band by introducing substituents of various electronic nature into the molecule has been revealed. It was shown that some of the studied compounds have pronounced luminescence in the blue-green region of the spectrum (390-508 nm) with a quantum yield of 9-40%. The highest quantum yield (38%) was achieved when the 5,7-dihydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one carboxyl group was introduced into position 6. The bromination of this compound leads to a decrease in the quantum yield to 9.5 % The introduction into the 3 position of 5,7-dihydroxy-4,8-dimethylchromen-2-one phenyl substituted fragment along with O-acylation leads to a sharp decrease in the quantum yield. It is concluded that the studied objects are promising as basic structures for the search for new biosensors.