Bangladesh is a highly climate vulnerable region. Among the many areas of Bangladesh, the haor region is considered as one of the most climate change sensitive areas. Again, the nation greatly depends on the agricultural produce of the haor area. So, adoption to climate change strategies is vital for the farming community of Bangladesh. The current study was conducted based on the idea of understanding the depth of knowledge of farmers regarding climate change, identifying the currently practiced climate change adaptation strategies and to know the influential factors behind the adoption of those practices. The study was drawn on primary data collected from 300 farmers of the Dingapota haor of Mohanganj upazila under Netrokona district of Bangladesh through a structured interview schedule. Descriptive analysis, adaptation Strategy Index (ASI), and Pearson’s product correlation coefficient (r) were used to analyze data with the help of Excel and SPSS. The study found that the intensity of flash floods, short winter seasons, and unpredictable rainfall have significantly increased. Most respondents believe that certain parts of the climatic conditions are getting worse. Farmers’ knowledge about crop diversification secured first and floating agriculture secured second position in case of advanced proficiency to cope with climate change vulnerability. The research exposed that changes in planting and harvesting dates are the most efficient climate change adaptation strategy practiced by farmers and their experience of agricultural farming strongly influences adaptation choices in the study area.

Pangas is a relatively fast-growing fish species with great production and export growth potential in Bangladesh, but its socioeconomic and environmental effects remained less explored. Therefore, the study was conducted, to explore the profitability and factors influencing the gross return of Pangas fish farming and to analyse the socioeconomic and environmental effects. Data were collected using a simple random sampling technique from 60 Pangas fish producers living in two villages of Trishal Upazila under the Mymensingh district of Bangladesh, through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured interview schedule. The Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) analysis was calculated to measure the profitability; while the Cobb-Douglas type production function was used to analyze the factors affecting commercial Pangas fish production. The cost-benefit analysis showed that Pangas fish production was profitable, with an average per hectare net return of BDT 1,439,174 (13,237.25 USD). The benefit-cost ratio (BCR) was found 1.27, indicating profitability. The regression analysis of the Cobb-Douglas type production function found that human labour, feed, fingerlings, and medicine/pesticide costs positively and significantly affected Pangas fish production. The study highlighted the positive socioeconomic impacts of Pangas fish production but also raised concerns about the environmental implications. Producers faced challenges related to technical, economic, and social aspects. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, extension workers, and Pangas fish producers in formulating strategies and policies to promote sustainable growth and address the challenges faced by Pangas fish producers.

Tomato is one of the most popular and widely grown vegetables, and faces a demand-supply gap, prompting the need for enhanced production. As global agriculture shifts towards organic practices, this study was undertaken to explore the socioeconomic status of organic tomato producers, assess the factors impacting organic tomato production, and identify the production related constraints. Following the simple random sampling method, a total of 60 organic tomato producers were selected from two villages in Gouripur Upazila under the Mymensingh district and they were interviewed using a structured interview schedule. The research reveals that the majority of farmers were within the productive age range of 36-50 years, with male dominance in the field. Family sizes were diverse, with medium-sized families being the most prevalent. A substantial proportion of farmers possess secondary-level education. Experience in organic tomato farming ranges from 5 to over 15 years, indicating a diverse level of expertise. The Cobb-Douglas revenue type production function was used to determine the effect of selected inputs on organic tomato production. The findings of production function analysis revealed that costs related to human labor, seed, organic fertilizer, bio-pesticides, and land use positively impact organic tomato production. The study also identified major problems faced by farmers in organic tomato production in which high disease and pest attacks were the most significant problems in the study area. Therefore this study will be helpful for farmers to increase organic tomato production and relevant policymakers to support organic tomato producers and further promote sustainable agriculture in this region.

The Barapukuria coal mining area in Dinajpur district of Bangladesh is vital for energy generation but raises significant concerns about its effects on the livelihoods and well-being of the local farmers. The study examined the socioeconomic impact of coal mine on farmers’ well-being. We collected primary data using a multistage random sampling technique through direct interviews during the paddy harvesting period from January to March 2020. Considering the scope of the study, farm-level cross-section data of a total of 100 rice-growing farmers from Parbatipur Upazila of Dinajpur district was collected for the present study. Descriptive statistics were used to depict the socioeconomic status of the farmers and the well-being of the farmers in the permitted coal mining areas was assessed using multiple linear regression analysis, taking social, economic, and environmental factors into account. The survey revealed that the majority of the respondents were male (96%) and were within the age range of 36-50 years, accounting for 52% of the total. About 52% of the farmers had a primary level education, whereas 37% of the farmers had agricultural experience ranging from 11 to 20 years. The study also found that environmental and economic factors of farmers’ well-being were affected significantly by the presence of coal mines. However, the effects of coal mines on social elements were determined to be insignificant. Considering the identified problems, it was recommended that farmers in these areas should be treated in a better way so that they do not have to change their profession. A variety of policies ought to be made accessible for the benefit of the farmers in the study area. J Bangladesh Agril Univ 22(4): 497–505, 2024