Chi Zhang received his Ph.D. degree from the Faculty of Information and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China, in 2025. He is currently a lecturer with the Yunnan Police College, Kunming, China. He has authored or coauthored more than 10 papers in first-class SCI/EI. His current research interests include data sharing, cryptography, privacy-preserved computing and the IoT.