Stress is a defining trait of our modern societies. The correlations between economic and social developments and the state of ill-being of populations have long been demonstrated. Today, negative environmental factors such as climate change, war and health crises have consequences on populations. Regardless of gender or age, more and more people are suffering from stress, of which there are many effects. According to studies, stress is an emotional response resulting from human–environmental interaction. They define stress as a state of discomfort and tension caused by external factors. This author believes that stress has a negative impact, which leads to frustration and increased difficulty in addressing issues. Authors describes stress as a physical and psychological state experienced by someone facing a real or potential. For students, stress can be caused by a number of factors. Some of these may include how the university functions, exam periods, relationships with teachers, the pressure that parents put on academic achievement, competition with other students, financial problems, uncertainty about the future, and lack of self-confidence. Symptoms of stress are now well identified. Students suffering from stress report feeling unhappy, having stomach pains, difficulty relaxing and sleeping, mental health problems, and even depression. When it comes to stress, Romanian students are no exception, especially because of the particularly volatile situation faced by the nation. The country has high immigration of skilled and qualified labour, inflation, and depreciation of the national currency. Students also claim to be stressed by the challenges of student life and the demands of the working world. They have a constant fear of failure and doubt themselves, their academic skills, and success in their careers after graduating. Our sociological study aims to deepen our knowledge in this field in Romania. In an already anxious context, it successively examines stress factors, symptoms experienced by students, conditions for organising studies, and ways to improve students’ quality of life. To conduct our study, we sampled students at the Dunărea de Jos University of Galați. We analysed 151 questionnaires sent to a sample of students listed in various first-year university courses. The results of this survey ultimately allow us to better identify the time-related, financial, and social factors of stress and the resulting symptoms. It is very clear that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a detrimental effect on this already fragile young population. Our study is also an opportunity to discuss ways to better manage student stress.

The development of students’ skills, abilities, competences and knowledge is the basis for sustainable socio-economic development. Today we live in a world that is in continuous change, both economically and socially, which also determines a change in the requirements on the labor market and therefore graduates and higher education institutions must continuously adapt to these changes. Thus, higher education institutions must adapt their teaching strategies and educational offer, while students must develop new skills and competences. The main purpose of this article is to analyze the extent to which the information, skills, attitudes and competences acquired by graduates of physical education and sports faculties during their years of study influence their standard of living, job satisfaction and confidence. To achieve this objective, we asked the following research questions: 1. To what extent do the information, skills, abilities and competences acquired by students during their years of study influence their income level, standard of living, job satisfaction and level of confidence in the workplace? 2. What is the self-perception of students regarding the information, skills, abilities and knowledge that students possess? 3. What is the perception of employers regarding the information, skills, abilities and knowledge that students possess? 4. To what extent are there differences between students’ self-perception and employers’ perception regarding the information, skills, abilities and knowledge that students possess? Thus, data were collected through two questionnaires, one distributed among 333 graduates from physical education and sports faculties in Romania and one to 11 employers working in the sports industry in Romania. The data obtained from the students were analyzed using SPSS 24, and it was found that there is a small correlation between the information, skills, competences and knowledge acquired during the years of study and the standard of living, job satisfaction and the confidence in one’s own ability to successfully perform tasks at work. Among the skills, abilities and aptitudes that students consider themselves to excel in are a passion for sports, the continuous desire for improvement, conscientiousness, teamwork, openness to new things and respect for hierarchies and regulations. At the opposite end, graduates consider that they need to improve their public speaking skills, management skills, their ability to communicate in a foreign language, their ability to sell themselves and their ability to manage a project.

We live in an increasingly globalized and culturally diverse society, in which individuals with different cultural backgrounds, different education, different personalities and different values must work together and achieve optimal results. Moreover, these cultural differences are noticeable even within a group of people of the same nationality. At the same time, lately there are more and more bicultural individuals, who belong simultaneously to different cultures. Nowadays, sport has an enormous impact on society, being an extremely popular phenomenon on a global scale and which has become a business in which huge sums are spent. Sport can have both a unifying effect, bringing together different individuals, but at the same time it can emphasize cultural differences and deep ethnic differences. All these arguments justify the increased interest in multiculturalism in general, and in multiculturalism in sport in particular. Using SPSS software, this study proposes a quantitative comparative analysis of how the country in which athletes evolve, namely Romania and France, influences adaptation, self-confidence, team integration and market share of athletes.

Le multiculturalisme est une nouvelle ère de mondialisation et la diversité culturelle est inévitable, mais cette diversité peut ajouter de la valeur aux entreprises. À l’avenir, il y aura une relation de plus en plus étroite entre la mondialisation, la diversité culturelle, le management opérationnel et la gestion des relations avec les parties prenantes.Le sport est caractérisé par une concurrence féroce. Les organisations sportives sont de plus en plus contraintes de transposer les pratiques managériales présentes dans les entreprises et d’adopter les caractéristiques opérationnelles et structurelles des entreprises commerciales. La pression pour atteindre les objectifs économiques et la concurrence exercée par les organisations sportives a encouragé les dirigeants sportifs à considérer les outils et les concepts appliqués dans les affaires tels que la culture organisationnelle. Contrairement à d’autres domaines d’activité, le sport présente certaines particularités. La plupart du temps dans le sport, une seule organisation peut atteindre son objectif de remporter la compétition, et les situations dans lesquelles plusieurs équipes atteignent leur objectif sont rares. Toutes les équipes, quel que soit le sport et quel que soit le niveau de ressources disponibles, essaient de gagner chaque match et chaque compétition. Aucune équipe qui se respecte n’entre sur le terrain avec l’idée de perdre. Ainsi, au fil du temps, il y a eu des exemples d’organisations qui, avec des ressources minimales, ont réussi à dépasser dans les classements et les organisations de compétitions avec des ressources beaucoup plus précieuses.Tout d’abord, la question du management multiculturel prend de plus en plus d’importance à mesure que la société se mondialise de plus en plus. Ainsi, dans le contexte de la mondialisation, de plus en plus d’individus différents doivent travailler ensemble et former une équipe, et cet aspect est de plus en plus visible dans le sport.Deuxièmement, chaque société et chaque organisation ont besoin de règles pour fonctionner dans un environnement optimal. Ces réglementations doivent être proposées par un organe décisionnel légitime, qui donne confiance à ceux qui sont sous l’influence de ces réglementations. Dans une société de plus en plus mondialisée, il y a à la fois des réglementations internationales et nationales, et celles-ci peuvent influencer positivement ou négativement l’activité des organisations sportives multiculturelles. Par exemple, il y a des réglementations nationales qui exigent un nombre minimum de joueurs locaux ou interdisent l’accès des joueurs qui n’ont pas joué pour leur équipe nationale. D’autre part, il y a des réglementations qui facilitent l’obtention plus rapide d’une citoyenneté ou des réglementations qui interdisent les confrontations sportives entre certains pays ayant connu des conflits historiques.

The development of students’ skills, abilities, competences and knowledge is the basis for sustainable socio-economic development. Today we live in a world that is in continuous change, both economically and socially, which also determines a change in the requirements on the labor market and therefore graduates and higher education institutions must continuously adapt to these changes. Thus, higher education institutions must adapt their teaching strategies and educational offer, while students must develop new skills and competences. The purpose of this article is to analyze the extent to which the information, skills, attitudes and competences acquired by graduates of physical education and sports faculties during their years of study influence their income level, standard of living and job satisfaction. The article also aims to compare students’ perceptions of their skills and employers’ perceptions of students' skills and to identify which skills students need to improve. Thus, data were collected through two questionnaires, one distributed among 333 graduates from physical education and sports faculties in Romania and one to 11 employers working in the sports industry in Romania. The data obtained from the students were analyzed using SPSS and it was found that there is a significant correlation between the information, skills, competences, knowledge acquired during the years of study and income, standard of living, degree of satisfaction at work, confidence in one's own ability to successfully perform tasks at work, desire to change the field of work or desire to emigrate. Among the skills, abilities and aptitudes that students consider themselves to excel in are passion for sports, continuous desire for improvement, conscientiousness, teamwork, openness to new things and respect for hierarchies and regulations. At the opposite end, graduates consider that they need to improve their public speaking skills, management skills, ability to communicate in a foreign language, ability to sell themselves and ability to manage a project. By comparing with the perception of employers, it was found that graduates tend to overestimate their abilities.