Regulation of using pesticides and agrochemicals application in agriculture is one of the important problem now, as also the problem of storage of mineral fertilizers and their improper using, which have negative influence on the chemical and the food security of the country. This paper discusses the features and benefits of monodisperse aerosols of pesticides in plant protection after a long-term research. A new line of development of science, engineering, industrial and innovative technologies - the author’s project “Monodisperse Anthropogenic Aerosols” is proposed. The measures for its implementation are presented.

A cost structure is proposed to enhance the supply of utilities to megacities on a regional operating scale. The introduced methodology involves business administration theory and economics and employs the previously introduced equality principle and the EUROPE (Efficient Use of Resources for Optimal Production Economy) model to impose shadow costs on supply losses to induce economic incentives to improve the functionality of megacities. A case study presents the practical application in an Asian context. It is concluded that the introduced methodology makes the megacities more efficient and improve their functionality. Profitability increases, the technology is advanced, and the environment improves when the EUROPE model is applied on activities that involve supply flows at higher policy analysis levels. Application of an introduced key factor encapsulates megacity aspects. The equity of the regional access to facilities is improved. The developed methods support decision-making when managing megacity supply.

The necessity of modernizing current control systems for functional units of a nuclear power plant, as well as the development of new control systems with a high degree of reliability and speed, is substantiated. The advantages of using optical sensors and fiber-optic communication lines to solve these problems are noted. Cases for which it is necessary to develop new fiber-optic sensors for monitoring parameters, for example, the flow of coolant or feed water, are considered. In some of them, it is more expedient to use standard designs of fiber-optic sensors to control the operating parameters of various blocks, for example, to control the electric field strength. A device and a control scheme for the parameters of the units and systems of a nuclear power plant using fiber-optic communication lines have been developed. The results of measuring various parameters of a nuclear reactor are presented. They showed that our proposed fiber-optic control and monitoring system for nuclear power plants operates more reliably and efficiently than systems with analogue control and measurement channels. The use of fiber-optic systems allows real-time remote control and high-speed control in terms of issuing commands to devices. This is very important when servicing a nuclear power plant while it is operating in extreme conditions.

This article represents the results of research on improvement of the Shanghai micro-district with the use of selected eco-friendly architectural and planning solutions and identification of the main ways to solve the problem of eco-urban development in Shanghai which are the following: land management, population management, clean energy sources and “green” consumption. Research is based on analysis and calculations on main trends of the theory and practical experience of construction of eco-cities in China and in the world.

A control system for values of various physical parameters has been developed for a nuclear power plant with VVER-1000 reactor. Various designs of fiber-optic sensors are considered, which are integrated into a single monitoring and control system without additional devices. The measurement results are presented. The necessity of continuing research and development in this direction is substantiated.