This research was conducted to objectively evaluate the level of brain fog that may develop due to many reasons. This was a methodological study. This study was conducted in Turkey. Content validity ratio, EFA, CFA, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin analysis and Bartlett's test of sphericity, Item analysis, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, Spearman-Brown, Guttman Analysis and test-retest correlations validity-reliability analysis were performed. The statistical meaningfulness level in all tests was determined as p<0.05. As a result of context validity, factor analysis and item analysis, a 30 item scale with 3 subscale was obtained. The variance amount explained by the 3 subscale was on a very good level (77.43%). The fact that all of the Cronbach alpha, Spearman-Brown and Guttman internal consistency coefficients of the scale and all of its subscale are above 0.70. When the test retest reliability coefficients of the scale was examined, the scale was found to present consistent results in different applications and the scale was found to be reliable with regard to the constancy coefficient. The Brain Fog Scale consists of 30 items and 3 subscales. It is a valid and reliable instrument.

Intensive care units are care centers where, in order to provide the maximum benefit to individuals whose life is in danger, many lifesaving technological tools and devices are present, and morbidity and mortality rates are high. In the intensive care unit, when classic treatments fail or become unbearable because of side effects, complementary methods have been suggested to be the best alternative. Complementary health approaches are methods that are used both for the continuation and the improvement of the well-being of an individual and as additions to medical treatments that are based on a holistic approach. These applications are especially helpful in the treatment of the stresses, anxieties, and other symptoms of unstable patients in the intensive care unit who do not tolerate traditional treatment methods well, increasing their psychological and physiological well-being, helping them sleep and rest. In intensive care patients, in order to decrease the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation, antiemetic and medicine needs, mechanical ventilation duration, and the intensity of the disease as well as to cope with symptoms such as pain, anxiety, physiological parameters, dyspnea, and sleep problems, body-mind interventions such as massage, reflexology, acupressure, aromatherapy, music therapy, energy therapies (healing touch, therapeutic touch, the Yakson method), and prayer are used as complementary health approaches.

2019 yılında başlayan ve Dünya geneline yayılan, insanların hayatlarında büyük değişimlere neden olan COVİD-19 pandemisinin etkileri sürmektedir. Pandemi süreci insanların yaşamlarında birçok değişikliği beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu süreçte toplum ve ülke sağlığı için sağlık hizmetlerinde de değişimler yaşanmaktadır. Sağlık hizmetlerindeki planlamalar yapılırken pandeminin cinsiyet üzerindeki etkilerinin bilinmesi salgının bireyler üzerine etkilerini anlayarak daha etkili bir müdahelenin oluşmasını sağlar. Pandemi sürecinde sağlık sektöründe kadınların çoğunluğu oluşturması, eğitim ve hizmet alma durumlarında aksamalar ve bakım verici rollerinde artış yaşamaları kadınları birçok yönden olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu makalede pandemi sürecinin kadınlar üzerindeki etkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Aim. We aimed to determine the effect of external apple vinegar application on the symptoms and social appearance anxiety of varicosity patients who were suggested conservative treatment. Method. The study was planned as an experimental, randomized, and controlled study. 120 patients were randomly selected and then were randomly allocated to either experimental or control group by simple blind random sampling method. In the collection of research data, a questionnaire questioning sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain, and the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS) were used. The patients in the study group were suggested to apply apple vinegar to the area of the leg with varicosity alongside the treatment suggested by the doctor. The patients in the control group received no intervention during the study. Results. The sociodemographic and clinic characteristics of both groups were found to be similar (p > 0.05). The patients were evaluated with regard to cramps, pain, leg fatigue perception, edema, itching, pigmentation, and weight feelings in the leg, VAS, and SAAS averages in the second evaluation; the control group had a decrease in such symptoms (p > 0.05) although the decrease in the application group was higher and statistically meaningful (p < 0.05). Conclusion. We determined that the external application of apple vinegar on varicosity patients, which is a very easy application, increased the positive effects of conservative treatment.

Giriş: Bu araştırmada, COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde yaşlıların bilinçli farkındalık, başa çıkma tutumları ve kişisel iyi oluşlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte olan araştırma, Nisan-Haziran 2020 tarihlerinde, Osmaniye Merkez ilçesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemine 536 yaşlı birey alınmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, Bilinçli Farkındalık Ölçeği, Başa Çıkma Tutumları Değerlendirme Ölçeği ve Kişisel İyi Oluş İndeksi-Yetişkin formu ile toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan yaşlıların yaş ortalaması 70,01±6,20 yıl, %55,4’ü kadın, %83’ü evli ve %56,5’i çekirdek ailede yaşamaktadır. Yaşlıların Bilinçli Farkındalık Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 57,25±15,34, KİOİ-Y toplam puan ortalaması 52,7±13 ve Başa Çıkma Tutumları Değerlendirme Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 80,85±12,52’dir. Yaşlıların Bilinçli Farkındalık Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamaları ile çocuk sahibi olma durumu, Kişisel İyi Oluş İndeksi -Yetişkin formu toplam puan ortalamaları, Başa Çıkma Tutumları Değerlendirme Ölçeği Yaklaşım alt boyutu puan ortalamaları arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişki var iken (p<0,001), Başa Çıkma Tutumları Değerlendirme Ölçeği Kendine Ceza ve Sakınma Kaçınma alt boyutu puan ortalamaları arasında negatif yönlü anlamlı ilişki vardır (p<0,05). Yaşlıların Başa Çıkma Tutumları Değerlendirme Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamaları ile cinsiyet ve yaş arasında negatif yönlü anlamlı ilişki vardır (p<0,05). Yaşlıların Kişisel İyi Oluş İndeksi-Yetişkin formu toplam puan ortalamaları çocuk sahibi ve sosyal güvencesi olanlarda anlamlı düzeyde artarken, kronik hastalığı olan ve geliri giderinden az olanlarda anlamlı düzeyde azalmaktadır (p<0,05). Sonuç: Araştırmanın sonucunda; COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde yaşlıların bilinçli farkındalık düzeylerindeki artışın stresle başa çıkmada adaptif tutumlarını ve kişisel iyi oluşlarını arttırdığı görülmektedir. Yaşlılarda kişisel kaynaklar stresle başa çıkma tutumlarını etkilemektedir.

Introduction This cross-sectional descriptive study investigated the relationship between spiritual well-being, disease perception, and disease adaptation in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods The sample consisted of 340 patients admitted to the internal medicine outpatient clinics of a city hospital in southern Turkey between January 2022 and January 2023. Data were collected using patient information, the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS), the Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ), and the Adaptation to Chronic Illness Scale (ACIS). The data were analyzed at a significance level of 0.05. Results Most participants were familiar with integrative interventions (84.1%). Less than half of the participants learned about integrative interventions from friends (46%). Less than a quarter of the participants had turned to integrative interventions (23.5%), such as cupping therapy (7.6%) and cinnamon therapy (7.1%). Participants had mean SWBS and ACIS scores of 118.40±11.46 and 84.46±9.18, respectively. There was a positive correlation between the ACIS and SWBS scores. There was also a positive correlation between total SWBS scores and scores on the IPQ “perceptions about the illness” subscale “timeline (acute/chronic)”. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between the total ACIS score and the scores on the IPQ subscales “perceptions about the illness”, “personal control”, “treatment control”, and “illness identification”. Conclusion DM patients with greater spiritual well-being tend to adhere more to their treatment and management regimens. Moreover, DM patients with more positive perceptions of their illness tend to have greater levels of spiritual well-being, which correlates with improved adaptation to their disease management and treatment protocols.