The design of efficient municipal solid waste (MSW) pre-collection networks can contribute to the global efficiency and sustainability of the reverse logistic chain of MSW in modern cities. With this aim, in this paper a comprehensive methodology that involves making decisions in several stages, from waste fraction classification to the final optimization of waste bins’ location, was applied in two real cases of the city of Bahía Blanca, Argentina. This city, does not have much available data about waste generation and, therefore, an important fieldwork had to be performed for applying this methodology, involving estimating population density per block and waste generation rate per inhabitant, identifying the location of commercial and institutional buildings and also estimating its generation rate, as well as performing a characterization of the MSW from similar studies in the literature and surveys performed to make decisions. The modelling of the urban characteristics was performed in a geographic information system. In the bins’ location problem, a mixed-integer optimization model was applied, seeking to minimize the investment costs, given the maximum area available and the capacity of the bins. Different scenarios were analysed, considering different collection frequencies and the maximum distance to be travelled by the user.

This article reviews the literature surrounding innovative computational tools for waste management within smart cities. With the rise of urbanization and the increasing challenges of waste management, innovative technologies play a pivotal role in optimizing waste collection, sorting, recycling, and disposal processes. Leveraging computational tools such as artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, and big data analytics, smart waste management systems enable real-time monitoring, predictive modeling, and optimization of waste-related operations. These tools empower authorities to enhance resource efficiency, minimize environmental impact, and improve the overall quality of urban living. Through a comprehensive review of recent research and practical implementations, this article highlights the key features, benefits, and challenges associated with the development of cutting-edge computational tools for waste management. Emerging trends and opportunities for research and development in this rapidly evolving field are identified, emphasizing the importance of integrating technological innovations for building sustainable and resilient waste management in smart cities.