The aim of this paper is to examine the differences between men and women in 7 segments related to the financial inclusion. Research is based on the Global Findex Database for 2017. Sample comprises 144 countries worldwide. Authors applied nonparametric Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks test using a 95% confidence interval. Results of Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks test show that there are statistically significant differences between men and women in owning a financial institution account, saving at a financial institution, borrowing from a financial institution, owning a credit card, using a mobile phone or the Internet to access an account, using the Internet to pay bills or to buy something online, and making or receiving digital payments. In this regard, countries should focus their policies on measures to increase and improve women's financial inclusion, especially in the segments related to making or receiving digital payments and owning a financial institution account.

This paper investigates the role of online shopping during severe COVID-19. The main aim is to see whether this virus and implemented measures of reducing the spread of contagion brought by the Government of the Republic of Serbia, resulted with changes in consumer behaviour. The data was collected from 408 respondents from the Republic of Serbia using an online questionnaire. The questionnaire lasted from 07th April until 04th May. Data were analysed using the Chi-Square test. Results of this study revealed that there is a significant association between purchasing online before and after the appearance of the COVID-19. Also, the authors conclude that there is no significant association between gender and the decision to purchase after the appearance of the COVID-19. The main three motives for online shopping in the period during COVID-19 were that too many stores are working only online, reducing health risk, and saving time. The most frequently online bought products by the respondents, were Food (groceries), Medicines and Books (magazines, newspapers). The contribution of this paper, even though the analysed sample is not national representative, lays in the fact that there is almost none research of this topic in our country.

This review paper is based on a desk study of the Digital Competence Framework - DigComp developed by the European Commission. The framework was based on the results of a survey of a sample of the European Union population, which showed that a large percentage had underdeveloped digital skills. The aim of this paper is to review the current state of the literature, which is based on the existing DigComp framework, its fields and skills within those areas, which covers the territory of the Republic of Serbia in addition to the other countries. Besides that, a comparison was made of certain areas of the DigComp 2.0 framework with previous ones (DigComp 1.0), and a brief overview of their implementation in practice. It was found that there was space for further study of this topic, and this contributed to the identification of directions for future research. The next step will be to measure students' digital skills.

This paper aims to analyze the average level of matching the self-assessment and real-life scenario digital competences questions of Serbian female entrepreneurs using an online survey. The authors focused on the questions which belong to the first two areas of the Digital Competence Framework (DigComp). The online survey consisted of four general, and 71 self-assessment and life-scenario combined questions. The survey was distributed and used from 5th February until 5th March 2021. Results showed that the average matching levels of both areas were higher than 50% (medium). On the other side, according to the authors, they were not on a satisfactory level. The females' best performances in matching (above 80%) were in the "Browsing, searching, and filtering data, information and digital content" (segment of the first area) and "Interacting through digital technologies" (segment of the second area). Opposite, respondents' lowest matching level performances were in the "Managing data, information and digital content" (part of the first area) and "Sharing through digital technologies", and "Engaging in citizenship through digital technologies" (part of the second area). The results of the conducted research show that female entrepreneurs should pay more attention to required competences for organizing data in digital environments and on competences directed to digital society services.

Ten higher education institutions [HEI] in Kuwait and around eighty in Serbia provide curriculums that combine entrepreneurial and IT courses. Their students graduate and enter the labor market in possession of some level of digital entrepreneurial competences [DEC]. The problem lies in the fact that there are no available tools and methodologies that would enable the assessment of the exact levels of DEC the students acquire during their formal education. This problem goes far beyond Kuwait and Serbia and is applicable to any other country in the world. This paper provides an overview of the research design which was applied on a sample of university students in Kuwait and Serbia to measure the levels of their digital entrepreneurial competences. The focus of the research was on the identification of opportunities as the first competence area of EmDigital framework for digital entrepreneurial competences.