Psychological impacts of Vitiligo have been demonstrated, and associations of the skin disease with anxiety and depression disorders have already been shown. However, it is still unclear the role of individuals' personality factors, such as neuroticism, stress, and rumination, as well as sociodemographic characteristics of people with Vitiligo in such disorders. We conducted a study in a community sample of individuals with Vitiligo (N = 324) aiming to test the hypothesis that neuroticism, stress, and rumination are subjacent to these individuals' anxiety and depression symptomatology. We also explored whether individuals' gender might favor the onset or worsening of the psychological consequences of such disorders. Results showed that the relationship between neuroticism, anxiety and depression was mediated by stress and rumination (brooding), being this effect moderated by the participants' gender. Specifically, women's reflection and stress seemed to be important mechanisms to predict their anxiety and depression symptoms, whereas brooding predicts such disorders' symptomatology in men with Vitiligo. These findings may guide future research and clinical interventions for this population, for which it is necessary to consider the psychological consequences of the disease and not just its physiological aspects.

O referido fenômeno, primeiramente, passou a fazer parte da dinâmica social dos chineses em meados de dezembro de 2019. Todavia, em poucos meses, o Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) se espalhou pelos cinco continentes, levando a Organização Mundial da Sáude a declará-lo como uma emergência de saúde pública internacional, dado o seu estado pandêmico (^{Velavan & Maeyer, 2020}; ^{Xu et al., 2020}; ^{World Human Organization [WHO], 2020}).

Time is fundamental to organizing all aspects of human life. When invested in relationships, it has a psychological meaning as it indicates how much individuals value others and their interest in maintaining social relationships. Previous research has identified an intergroup time bias (ITB) in racialized social relations, defined as a discriminatory behavior in which White individuals invest more time in evaluating White than Black individuals. This research proposes an aversive racism explanation for the ITB effect and examines its consequences in the medical context. In four experimental studies (N = 434), we found that White medical trainees invested more time in forming impressions of White (vs. Black) male patients. Study 5 (N = 193) further revealed more time investment in diagnosing, assessing pain, and prescribing opioids for White than Black male patients. This biased time effect mediated the impact of patients' skin color on health care outcomes, leading to greater diagnostic accuracy and pain perception, and lower opioid prescriptions. A meta-analytical integration of the results (Study 6) confirmed the ITB effect reliability across experiments and that it is stronger in participants with an aversive racist profile (vs. consistently prejudiced or nonprejudiced). These findings provide the first evidence that bias in time investment favoring White (vs. Black) patients is associated with aversive racism and impacts medical health care outcomes. Furthermore, these results offer insights into the sociopsychological meaning of time investment in health care and provide a theoretical explanation for an understudied insidious form of discrimination that is critical to comprehending the persistency of racial health care disparities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

THIS ARTICLE USES WORDS OR LANGUAGE THAT IS CONSIDERED PROFANE, VULGAR, OR OFFENSIVE BY SOME READERS. The new generation of direct-acting antivirals has improved dramatically the rates of cure for chronic hepatitis C. Yet, evidence shows that racial groups are deemed more often ineligible for hepatitis C treatment, despite no clinical evidence supporting differential treatment for Black and White patients. One possible explanation has to do with providers’ racial biases. This investigation sought to explore medical students’ racial stereotypes (Study 1,N= 171) and the role of stereotypical cues on perceptions of medical adherence of Black and White patients (Study 2,N= 208). In Study 1, we first sought to identify health-related aspects that are consistently associated with Blacks as part of a stereotype. In Study 2, we experimentally manipulated racial stereotypes identified in Study 1 by asking participants to read a clinical vignette depicting a patient (Blackvs. White) and their medical history (cause of exposure to hepatitis C: unprotected sexvs. non-injectable drugs use). The results show that the impact of stereotypicality on patient perceived compliance varies as a function of medical students’ racial prejudice. Implications for further applied health inequalities research and for medical training are discussed.

This study aimed to show the comprehension that patients bearing vitiligo have over their condition, also assessing the association with their health and disease concepts. It is a qualitative research with descriptive and exploratory purposes, carried out from an epidemiological survey throughout the years of 2010-2013, with records from a dermatology outpatient care sector of a seminal hospital located in the city of Campina Grande – Paraíba, Brazil. It was identified that from the 832 existing records, 13 were of vitiligo patients and, from them, eight agreed to be part of this study, answering a semi-structured questionnaire. Data examination was made using the Thematic Content Analysis technique, identifying four categories. Results indicated that the process of being stricken with the disease is directly related to social practices that target the “stained” subject, over whom vitiligo has imprinted its patches.

To investigate the relationship between non-Black physicians' racial attitudes, Black patients' discrimination experiences, and consultation duration in diverse clinical settings. Secondary analyses were conducted on data from three prior studies involving non-Black primary care physicians (Study 1: n = 14, Study 2: n = 5) and their Black patients (Study 1: n = 118, Study 2: n = 31), as well as 15 non-Black oncologists and their 72 Black patients (Study 3). Data included physician and patient surveys, along with video-recorded consultations. Study 1 revealed that, relative to other physicians, physicians whose racial attitudes fit an aversive racist profile (i.e., low explicit racial bias, high implicit bias) had longer consultations with Black patients who reported more (vs. fewer) discrimination experiences. Study 2 and 3 found that physicians' implicit racial bias is negatively associated with consultation duration. Finally, a meta-analysis supported the effects of aversive racism and patients' discrimination experiences on consultation duration. These findings demonstrate how physicians' racial attitudes and patients' discrimination experiences can affect medical consultation duration-an important aspect of patient-provider communication quality. These results provide initial evidence for the importance of helping physicians manage the negative consequences of their implicit bias within the current structural constraints of limited medical consultation time and empowering Black patients to advocate for their healthcare needs.