I am an Italian psychiatrist working in addiction psychiatry, dual diagnosis, and clinical psychopharmacology. My clinical and research activity focuses mainly on substance use disorders, with particular attention to opioid and heroin use disorder, psychiatric comorbidity, and the personalization of opioid agonist treatment in real-world clinical settings. A major focus of my work is the heterogeneity of addictive trajectories. I am interested in how different psychopathological and neurodevelopmental profiles shape the onset, course, and treatment response of addictive disorders, including affective dysregulation and addiction-related depressive states, ADHD and broader neurodivergent phenotypes, trauma-related psychopathology, as well as the clinical dynamics of craving, relapse vulnerability, and polysubstance use patterns. I also investigate stress sensitivity as a clinically relevant dimension in addiction, both in terms of how stress exposure and stress-related psychopathology influence craving, relapse, and illness progression, and how chronic substance use may in turn alter stress regulation and increase vulnerability to post-traumatic and affective symptoms. My research aims to bridge clinical observation and real-world outcome methodology, moving beyond substance-specific labels toward a more individualized understanding of addiction based on illness stage, psychiatric vulnerability, treatment exposure, biological stress regulation, and functional recovery.