Gavin Irvine

Dr. Gavin Irvine

Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, Bath and North East Somerset, UK
orcid

Research Focus & Metrics

Academic Career Length

6Years (2021-Present)

(Calculated once Scilit publication data is synced: current year − year of first publication + 1)

Representative Publications

View All Publications
21 February 2025 in Angewandte Chemie International Edition
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
Gavin IrvineGavin Irvine
Gavin Irvine
KMKonstantinos Myronidis
Konstantinos Myronidis
FPFulvio Pinto
Fulvio Pinto
MKMaciek Kopec
Maciek Kopec
We report the synthesis of ultra‐high molecular weight (UHMW) poly( N,N ‐dimethylacrylamide) (PDMAm) hydrogels with extremely low crosslinking densities by trithiocarbonate photoiniferter‐mediated reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP). Fixing the photoiniferter to crosslinker ratio and gradually increasing the targeted degree of polymerization ( DP target ) allowed for simultaneous control over the crosslinking density and the average molecular weight ( M n ) of the primary chains, both below and above the critical molecular weight of entanglement ( M c ). Interestingly, a plateau in storage moduli ( G’ ) was observed for UHMW PDMAm hydrogels with a sufficiently high DP target (>5,000), indicating a transition to the entanglement‐dominated regime, with no contribution from crosslinks to the overall modulus, thus indicating the formation of highly entangled hydrogels. These hydrogels exhibit enhanced properties such as high toughness and resistance to swelling despite their vanishingly small crosslinking densities. Furthermore, even when equipped with cleavable crosslinkers, the UHMW PDMAm hydrogels resist degradation due to dense entanglements which act as transient crosslinks preventing the gels from swelling, while sparse covalent crosslinks help to maintain their structural integrity and avoid chain disentanglement. This approach allows simple synthesis of elastic and tough hydrogels with a well‐defined structure and tuneable contributions from both crosslinks and entanglements.

8 May 2025 in Polymer Chemistry
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
PDF file
FDFrances Dawson
Frances Dawson
Gavin IrvineGavin Irvine
Gavin Irvine
MKMaciek Kopec
Maciek Kopec
α-Lipoic acid, and its ester ethyl lipoate, were copolymerised with n-butyl acrylate and a crosslinker to install labile disulfide bonds within the strands of the resulting polymer networks enabling their degradation, reformation and self-healing.

17 September 2021 in Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics
Verified
Journal Article
Closed access
PDF file
YNYeyen Nurhamiyah
Yeyen Nurhamiyah
Gavin IrvineGavin Irvine
Gavin Irvine
ETEfrosyni Themistou
Efrosyni Themistou
BCBiqiong Chen
Biqiong Chen

6 May 2024 in European Polymer Journal
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
Gavin IrvineGavin Irvine
Gavin Irvine
FDFrances Dawson
Frances Dawson
AGAimee George
Aimee George
MKMaciej Kopeć
Maciej Kopeć

28 January 2026 in Nature Communications
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
PDF file
JHJonathan T. Husband
Jonathan T. Husband
Gavin IrvineGavin Irvine
Gavin Irvine
CMCallum R. Morris
Callum R. Morris
Andrea FolliAndrea Folli
Andrea Folli
MDMatthew Davidson
Matthew Davidson
Simon FreakleySimon Freakley
Simon Freakley
The chemical recycling of commodity acrylic polymers, such as the transparent thermoplastic polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), typically requires temperatures of 350-400°C. Herein, we report chemical recycling back to monomers for PMMA between 120-180°C, through UV illumination under oxygen-free conditions. We have achieved gram-scale degradation of consumer plastic with >95% conversion, yielding >70% monomer, which can be readily repolymerized. The process proceeds even at high concentrations (>1 M) and depends strongly on solvent choice: aromatic solvents like dichlorobenzene and diphenyl ether maximize conversion. In contrast to a concurrently published study, we report that chlorine radicals are not required for depolymerization; however, when present, they react with the unzipping chain to form chlorine-functionalized PMMA which can be upcycled through derivatization. In more sustainable non-chlorinated solvents such as benzonitrile, minimal termination by radicals enables complete unzipping. These findings demonstrate a low-temperature, scalable route for the chemical recycling of PMMA, offering alternative pathways for plastic circularity.

21 February 2025 in Angewandte Chemie
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
Gavin IrvineGavin Irvine
Gavin Irvine
KMKonstantinos Myronidis
Konstantinos Myronidis
FPFulvio Pinto
Fulvio Pinto
MKMaciek Kopec
Maciek Kopec
We report the synthesis of ultra‐high molecular weight (UHMW) poly( N,N ‐dimethylacrylamide) (PDMAm) hydrogels with extremely low crosslinking densities by trithiocarbonate photoiniferter‐mediated reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP). Fixing the photoiniferter to crosslinker ratio and gradually increasing the targeted degree of polymerization ( DP target ) allowed for simultaneous control over the crosslinking density and the average molecular weight ( M n ) of the primary chains, both below and above the critical molecular weight of entanglement ( M c ). Interestingly, a plateau in storage moduli ( G’ ) was observed for UHMW PDMAm hydrogels with a sufficiently high DP target (>5,000), indicating a transition to the entanglement‐dominated regime, with no contribution from crosslinks to the overall modulus, thus indicating the formation of highly entangled hydrogels. These hydrogels exhibit enhanced properties such as high toughness and resistance to swelling despite their vanishingly small crosslinking densities. Furthermore, even when equipped with cleavable crosslinkers, the UHMW PDMAm hydrogels resist degradation due to dense entanglements which act as transient crosslinks preventing the gels from swelling, while sparse covalent crosslinks help to maintain their structural integrity and avoid chain disentanglement. This approach allows simple synthesis of elastic and tough hydrogels with a well‐defined structure and tuneable contributions from both crosslinks and entanglements.