Studies about the influence of physical activity on life satisfaction, functional ability and subjective well-being in physically active older adults without cognitive impairment are very few for the moment. Therefore, the aim of this research was to evaluate the life satisfaction, functional skills and subjective well-being of physically active older adults based on the level of activity practiced. The IPAQ (International Physical Activity), CUBRECAVI and LSIA (Life Satisfaction Index) scales were tested for a sample of 397 Spanish older adults between 61 and 93 years of age (M = 69.65; SD = 4.71). The results showed that those who performed high physical activity obtained higher scores in functional skills (p < 0.01) and in the activities of daily living (p < 0.01). In addition, subjective well-being (p < 0.01) and the functional autonomy of older adults (p < 0.01) were related to the level of physical activity that they practiced. In conclusion, it could be said that the older adults with a high level of physical activity have more functional skills and less difficulties performing the activities of daily living, and that they value their autonomy and health better.

The practice of general gymnastics, aquatic activities, dance, yoga or pilates, bring benefits to the physical and mental health of people over 65 years of age. However, the benefits of the practice of these activities on the mental health of the older adults have not been studied in depth; without establishing differences by gender. The aim of this work is to study whether the emotional state and social integration of older people differ according to the type of sport. The CUBRECAVI scale was used to assess mental health and social integration in 358 people over 61 years of age (M = 69.66, SD = 4.64). The results showed that older adults people who do general gymnastics are more socially integrated (F = 4.842, p = .003) than those who do dance activities; while those who prefer aquatic activities report better mental health (F = 3.6, p = .002), than those who do general gymnastics (p = .001) or dance activities (p = .029). The type of sporting activity performed by the older adults is associated with some aspects of their quality of life.

Regarding functional ability, autonomy, promotion of social relationships and health, little scientific evidence has been found of physical practice in active women over 60 years of age. Hence, the goal of this study was to assess the functional abilities and autonomy, social relationships and subjective health of physically active older women according to the level of activity practiced. The IPAQ and CUBRECAVI scales were applied to a sample of 257 women between 61 and 93 years old (M = 69.44, SD = 4.61). Statistically significant outcomes were obtained in functional ability and autonomy according to their level of physical activity (p = 0.001): greater satisfaction and frequency of social relationships with a mild level of physical activity (p = 0.011), and statistically significant differences in the degree of satisfaction with their health according to the level of physical activity they practice (p < 0.001). The results showed that those with high physical activity obtained better levels of functional abilities and autonomy. Additionally, dissatisfaction with one’s own health is associated with low levels of physical activity. In conclusion, it could be said that the practice of mild physical exercise in older women encourages greater autonomy and functional ability for activities of daily living, which results in independence in everyday life in addition to fostering social links as well as gaining a better satisfaction with their own health, with the socio-emotional benefits that this can bring.

La inactividad física y sedentarismo se encuentran presentes en un alto porcentaje de los estudiantes universitarios, hecho que se ha visto acentuado tras la crisis sanitaria vivida recientemente a causa de la COVID-19. El ejercicio físico como parte de los programas de las Universidades Saludables se presenta como una posible estrategia para afrontar esta problemática. El objetivo de este estudio piloto fue analizar los efectos de un programa de entrenamiento sobre el nivel de actividad física (AF), salud mental y composición corporal en estudiantes universitarios sedentarios. Se diseñó un estudio longitudinal de medidas repetidas. 14 estudiantes fueron evaluados en tres momentos temporales: al iniciar el programa de entrenamiento, tras su finalización y dos semanas tras la finalización del programa. Los diferentes instrumentos utilizados fueron los siguientes: Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (nivel de AF), cuestionario DASS-21 (nivel de estrés, depresión y ansiedad) y Cuestionario Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (calidad del sueño) cinta métrica corporal (perímetros) y bioimpedancia (peso, IMC, % masa grasa y % masa muscular). Tras cinco semanas de entrenamiento y dos semanas post-entrenamiento se observaron mejoras significativas en el nivel de AF, salud mental y calidad del sueño de los participantes (p < ,05). La masa muscular fue la única variable relacionada con la composición corporal que mejoró significativamente tras cinco semanas de ejercicio físico supervisado (p = ,04). Los resultados del presente estudio demostraron que las acciones de las universidades basadas en programas de entrenamiento saludables mejoran el nivel de AF, la salud mental y la composición corporal de los estudiantes universitarios. University students frequently show high levels of physical inactivity as well as a sedentary lifestyle. This fact has been increased after the recent health crisis caused by the COVID-19. Physical exercise, as part of the programs of the Healthy Universities, could be a strategy to face this problem. The purpose of this pilot study was to analyze the effects of an exercise program on the level of physical activity, mental health, and body composition in sedentary university students. A longitudinal study with repeated measures was designed. 14 students were evaluated at three different moments: at the beginning of the exercise program, after program completion, and two weeks after the end of the program. The followings instruments were used: International Physical Activity Questionnaire (level of physical activity), DASS-21 questionnaire (level of stress, depression, and anxiety), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire (quality of sleep), a body tape measure (perimeters), and a body composition monitor (weight, BMI, % fat mass and % muscle mass). After five weeks of intervention and two weeks post-intervention, the levels of physical activity, mental health and quality of sleep were improved (p < 0.05). Regarding body composition, muscle mass was the only variable that improved after five weeks of exercise program (p = 0.04). The results of the present study showed that the actions of universities based on healthy training programs improve the level of physical activity, mental health, and body composition of university students.

El acto de cuidar a una persona con demencia repercute en un empobrecimiento cognitivo y físico que genera un declive en la salud del cuidador informal, y que afecta al buen rendimiento de sus tareas como cuidador. Conocer y cuidar la salud cognitiva y física del cuidador es de relevancia desde la atención sociosanitaria para garantizar el soporte principal de la atención a las personas mayores con un diagnóstico de demencia, es decir, cuidar al cuidador. Su conocimiento nos ayudará a establecer programas de prevención para adelantarnos a los posibles problemas emocionales como la depresión, y físicos, como las lesiones musculoesqueléticas. Con la presente revisión se pretende sintetizar los indicadores de salud cognitiva y física en cuidadores informales de personas mayores con demencia, que ayuden al establecimiento de futuras estrategias de intervención para preservar la salud de dichos cuidadores.

As an essential lower-back movement pattern, lumbo-pelvic rhythm (LPR) during forward trunk flexion and backward return has been investigated on a large scale. It has been suggested that abnormalities in lumbo-pelvic coordination are related to the risk of developing low back disorders. However, considerable differences in the approaches used to monitor LPR make it challenging to integrate findings from those investigations for future research. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to summarize the use of wearable technology for kinematic measurement with sensory biofeedback for LPR monitoring by assessing these technologies’ specific capabilities and biofeedback capacities and exploring their practical viability based on sensor outcomes. The review was developed following the PRISMA guidelines, and the risk of bias was analyzed using the PREDro and STROBE scales. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and IEEEXPLORE databases were searched for relevant studies, initially returning a total of 528 articles. Finally, we included eight articles featuring wearable devices with audio or vibration biofeedback. Differences in protocols and limitations were also observed. This novel study presents a review of wearable tracking devices for LPR motion-mediated biofeedback for the purpose of correcting lower back posture. More research is needed to determine the long-term effectiveness of these devices, as well as their most appropriate corresponding methodologies.