Prof. Bjørn Grinde received his education in natural sciences, psychology, and anthropology from the University of Oslo, with a Dr.Scient. and a Dr.Philos. in biology. He worked as a chief scientist at the Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, in Oslo. He has also served as a professor or scientist at top universities in Norway, the United States, and Japan. Most of his scientific publications and books address the process of evolution—they cover genetics, microbiology, and human behavior. A primary focus of his research has been understanding how the process of evolution has shaped the human brain.