Large-scale broadband low earth orbit (LEO) satellite systems have become a possibility due to decreased launch costs and rapidly evolving technology. Preventing huge LEO satellite constellations from interfering with the geostationary earth orbit (GSO) satellite system, progressive pitch is a technique to avoid interference with the GSO satellite system that allows the LEO satellite system to maintain a certain angle of separation from the GSO satellite system. Aside from interference avoidance, there is also a need to ensure seamless coverage of the LEO constellation and to optimize the overall transmission capacity of the LEO satellite as much as possible, making it extremely complex to design an effective progressive pitch plan. This paper models an inline interference event and seamless coverage and builds an optimization problem by maximizing transmission capacity. This paper reformulates the problem and designs a genetic algorithm to solve it. From the simulation results, the strategy can avoid harmful interference to the GSO satellite system and ensure the seamless coverage of the LEO constellation, and the satellite transmission capacity is also maximized.

Satellite networks show the development trend in global coverage, flexible access, and reliable transmission. They are the key to building a wide coverage, massive connection, three-dimensional, all-round, all-weather, space-, air- and ground-integrated information network. Due to its high frequency and large bandwidth, the laser inter-satellite link (ISL) is easily interfered with by sunlight. When sun outage occurs, the laser inter-satellite link will be interrupted for a long time. Most of the existing satellite link failure-routing algorithms are distributed and have poor load balancing capabilities. The centralized algorithm calculates paths independently for different services, and the effect is not ideal. In this paper, a local pre-rerouting algorithm (LPRA) is proposed. The center node collects the link information from the limited area before sun outage and the service information in the link that is about to be interrupted, and reroutes these services before sun outage occurs. After the occurrence of sun outage, services that originally needed to go through the failed link are forwarded according to the path calculated in advance, thereby avoiding link congestion and reducing the packet loss rate. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than existing algorithms in terms of packet loss ratio, total delay and load balancing capabilities.

Satellite communication has rapidly advanced, from navigation to broadband Internet and direct mobile connectivity. Driven by low Earth orbit satellites, these networks are merging with terrestrial mobile networks, forming integrated space–air–ground systems. However, the growing scale of satellite constellations has intensified intra‐system interference, particularly among ground cells utilizing co‐frequency beams. A mitigation method based on switching array elements is proposed, optimizing their state by considering beamwidth and maximum sidelobe level. Simulations show that the proposed algorithm effectively reduces beam coverage widening and sidelobes, mitigating the interference between co‐frequency beams.

By introducing the arrayed waveguide router (AWGR) optical true time-delay (OTTD) architecture in bent-pipe satellite optical inter-link to optically assist the RF phased array in Low-earth orbit satellites will extend the multi-hop bent-pipe satellite beam-hopping protocol proposed in DVB-S2X. It solves the challenge of beam steering with the support of precise, broadband, and wide-range scanning. This architecture utilizes a subarray to combine the advantages of AWGR and a high-precision RF phase shifter to realize the beam pointing without an oblique view. Unlike the traditional digital and analog phased array architecture, the introduction of OTTD can solve the problem of beam squint and also ensure the high-precision scanning of the beam.

The rapid deployment of satellite constellations has propelled the swift development of the satellite industry. Low-cost solutions spanning the entire industry chain will significantly accelerate the improvement of satellite internet. On the user side, phased array antenna terminals are gradually replacing reflector antennas, yet the ensuing challenges of hardware architecture and costs. Lowering the resolution of phase shifter is one solution, but this may result in a loss of beam pointing accuracy. A novel two-stage phase shifter phased array architecture is proposed, coupling subarray division with mixed-resolution phase shifters to reduce costs while ensuring the beam performance. The architecture boasts low complexity and ease of implementation. Simulation results demonstrate the balanced performance of this architecture in scanning accuracy and beam sidelobes, marking a promising path for industrial applications.

As the number of non-geostationary orbit (NGSO) satellites continues to grow, interference with other communication systems, including radio astronomy systems (RASs), is becoming increasingly critical. In this study, an interference simulation framework was developed to analyse the potential impact of NGSO systems on RAS in accordance with the relevant International Telecommunication Union (ITU) regulations and recommendations. In addition to the simulation of interference generated by individual NGSO satellite systems, the framework also supports the analysis of aggregate interference from multiple NGSO satellite systems. By inputting satellite system parameters, including constellation configuration, user distribution and beam scheduling strategy, the framework is able to obtain interference probability distributions for a typical RAS ground station at different latitudes and observation directions. The simulation results provide a reference for the analysis of interference from NGSO satellite systems to RASs, and can also be used to guide the development of strategies to mitigate harmful interference to RASs.