In Ethiopia, agricultural technology adoption is an important strategy to improve agricultural production and productivity of smallholder farmers. However, the effect of age on farmers’ agricultural technology adoption is a controversial issue. To evaluate the total effect, a systematic review and meta‐analysis are designed through systematically searching studies by following a PRISMA guideline. Finally, 25 articles were included. Using STATA version 17 software, the inconsistency indices tau ² , I ² , and H ² were used to estimate the heterogeneity across the studies. The results of the random effect model indicated that farmers’ adoption of technology was constrained by the influence of aging by 1.38 units (95% CI: −2.48, −0.27). Furthermore, the meta‐regression result revealed that distance from the market, extension contact, education, and family size are important moderators that determine heterogeneity in the effect of age on farmers’ agricultural technology adoption. It is concluded that building public social networking platforms, cooperative organizations, and mutual aid agencies within the community are crucial to supporting older farmers and reducing the negative effect of age on farmers’ agricultural technology adoption. Therefore, in order to increase the rate of agricultural technology adoption in Ethiopia, the government must take into account factors, such as age variations in adoption, the skills of older farmers, and the features of agricultural technology used by smallholder farmers.

Agriculture is a risky business that is subject to endogenous risks. Endogenous risks caused by input utilization, input affordability and input availability may prove detrimental to the production potential of farmers. The study was aimed at examining the risk perception, risk aversion and risk management strategies of maize producers in Awi zone, which is found in the northwest part of Ethiopia. The study involved 343 respondents who produced maize under risk. Descriptive statistics, a seven-point Likert scale, the observed economic behaviour method, factor analysis and a seemingly unrelated regression model were used to process the data. The results showed that farmers have different perceptions of the endogenous risk associated with input availability and input affordability which has a different probability of occurrence and severity of damage. The observed economic behaviour method showed that farmers in the area also have different risk aversion behaviours: about 7.29% of the respondents in the study area have high risk aversion attitudes, while about 30.61% have medium risk aversion attitudes and 62.10% of them have low risk aversion attitudes. The seemingly unrelated regression model output showed that farmers’ economic, social, demographic and institutional factors, as well as their risk behaviour, determine the risk management strategies that they employ. Maize farmers in the area applied human risk management strategies, production risk management strategies, diversification, financial risk management strategies and marketing risk management strategies to tackle the endogenous risks in the area. It was deduced that maize farmers have a risk averse behaviour even if their risk aversion levels differ based on the scope of the management strategies that they employ to combat risk. Following the finding of the study, a holistic approach to risk management that encompasses all actors, such as farmers, researchers, extension services and financial institutions should be involved to make the appropriate interventions.

Even if smallholder farmers have a large share in the Ethiopian economy, they operate below their potential. Land use is fundamental in determining the efficiency of farmers. However, the effect of land size on efficiency is still a controversial issue in the country. This review was designed to determine the effect of land size on farmers’ efficiency. The random-effects model showed that the farmers with smaller land sizes (≤0.5 ha) were more efficient by 21% than the farmers with larger land sizes. Moreover, the results of meta-regression analysis showed that resource endowment, labor quality, information contact, and total income were the important moderators of the presence of heterogeneity in the effect size among the studies. It was deduced that farmers are efficient with smaller land sizes since they have resources to manage their farms appropriately. Therefore, improving farmers’ production skills, providing input subsidies, and upgrading development agents’ skills are crucial to boost farmers’ efficiency in the country.

Mobile phone serves as a means for the farmers to have access to beef cattle markets. This study is designed to assess the contributions, determinants, and constraints in the use of the mobile phone for beef cattle marketing. In this study, 59% of the respondents were mobile phone users and 41% were nonusers. Major contributions of mobile phone were to save time in search for the market, disseminate market information among farmers, and make informed marketing decisions. The logit model result indicated that gender, education level, total annual income, credit access, cattle market information access, and the number of beef cattle owned were significant determinants of mobile phone use in the study area. Moreover, poor extension service, lack of operating skill, poor network coverage, problem of electricity, and high cost of mobile phone were constraints to use a mobile phone. Thus, mobile phone is an essential ICT tool that enhances beef cattle marketing in the area even if it was not at full potential. Therefore, the government should fulfill essential infrastructures for farmers and also should promote training and education for extension agents and for the farmers, which is crucial to improve farmers’ beef cattle marketing process in the study area.

This study focuses on examining the determinants of sustainable development by focusing the experience from Ethiopia. A time series analysis that covers the period from 1974 to 2023 was used for the analysis. It is designed to examine sustainability in its holistic view which is many previous studies failed to consider. Autoregressive integrated moving average model was used for the analysis. Dickey fuller test for stationarity and interpolation was used during the pre-estimation process. Principal component analysis was applied to develop index for the variable governance. The result showed that foreign direct investment, economic growth, carbon emission, tax revenue, external debt stock, inflation and governance have a significant effect on sustainable development. Residual test for the white noise and within sample forecast was used to validate the model. The 10 years forecast (2024–2033) showed that there is an increasing trend in sustainable development in Ethiopia due to increase in governance quality and economic growth. Thus, a coordinated policy framework that balances economic, environmental, and governance objectives is vital for Ethiopia’s sustainable future.

This study examines the relationship and causality between food security and economic growth in Ethiopia. It employs a Vector Error Correction (VEC) modeling, the Wald test, impulse response functions (IRFs), Johansen cointegration analysis, and forecasting techniques. The dataset spans from 2000 to 2023 and is drawn from the World Bank’s World Development Indicators (WDI) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAOSTAT). Both pre- and post-estimation procedures were conducted to ensure robustness and validity. Missing values were addressed through interpolation, while extrapolation was applied for forecasting purposes. The Johansen cointegration test confirms the existence of a statistically significant long-run equilibrium relationship between food security and economic growth. Short-run results reveal significant bidirectional effects, with economic growth positively influencing food security by 35.31 kcal/capita/day, and food security also exerting a positive impact on economic growth by 0.013%, while the error correction terms confirm convergence toward the long-run equilibrium. The long-run elasticity estimate indicates that a 1% increase in GDP per capita increases food security by approximately 73 kcal/capita/day. The Wald test further supports bidirectional causality, and the IRFs show that shocks to economic growth have a positive but transitory effect on food security. Forecasting results project a gradual upward trend in food security over the next decade, whereas economic growth is expected to moderate. These findings underscore the importance of policies aimed at infrastructure development, climate resilience, yield gap reduction, human capital formation, and technological advancement. However, the study is limited by its reliance on aggregated national-level data and a single proxy for food security.