The current study shows that using a batch approach to remove crystal violet dye from synthetic wastewater is feasible when using royal palm leaf sheath powder as an adsorbent. In order to investigate the effects of many parameters, including starting concentration, pH effect, dye concentration, adsorbent dose, contact time, and temperature, experiments were carried out under various operating conditions. Maximum removal was obtained at pH 6 and at a concentration of 100 ppm, which are considered as ideal values. The influence of pH and dye concentration was shown to be substantial. Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models were fitted to equilibrium data. The Langmuir isotherm model, which showed a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 454.5455 mg/g, best described the equilibrium data. The Pseudo-second-order kinetic model was found to closely resemble rather than the first-order and intra-particle diffusion models. Standard enthalpy (∆H◦), entropy (∆S◦), and free energy (∆G◦) were evaluated as thermodynamic parameters. It was discovered that the adsorption contact was endothermic in nature. The outcomes highlight the applicability of the inexpensive, locally accessible adsorbent in the specialty area of wastewater treatment and can be used in commercial dye-enriched effluent.

The present work is an effort to produce liquid fuel oil from plastic based medical wastes through thermal cracking process under oxidizing conditions. The mixed plastics from medical wastes were considered as a feedstock, shredded into small pieces and heated at 773 ± 10 K for 40 min with a heating rate of 20 K/min in a batch reactor for thermal cracking process. The feedstock was characterized by proximate and ultimate analysis along with thermogravimetric investigation. Moreover, chemical compositions of the liquid fuel oil were examined by FTIR and GC–MS spectroscopy. The properties of liquid product were also examined and compared to the commercial fuel oil. The average yield of brownish and sticky liquid fuel was obtained to be 52 wt% and the gross calorific value of the liquid was found 41.32 MJ/kg which is comparable to that of commercial diesel. FTIR spectrum showed characteristic absorption bands of C–H and =CH₂ groups indicating presence of alkane and alkene compounds. GC–MS study demonstrated the chemical constituents of the liquid product that is mostly aliphatic compounds of mainly alkanes (16.28%), alkenes (10.67%), alcohols (14.65%) and ester groups (10.38%) including iso-phthalate (40.02%) as a predominant product. This experiment concludes that the liquid oil derived from thermal cracking of mixed plastics comprised of a composite mixture of organic components. A significant amount of non-degraded constituents like plasticizers, precursors, etc. remained in the product having some economic values with human health and environmental impacts during burning has been addressed in the current issue.

In this work, pseudo-stem banana (Musa acuminata) (PBF) fiber was utilized as a potential low-cost natural adsorbent to uptake methylene blue (MB) dye from synthetic wastewater by batch adsorption process. Different adsorption factors like contact time, pH, initial concentration, and adsorbent dosage were explored and found that the separation process is strongly pH dependent. Additionally, the adsorption data were fitted with various adsorption isotherms like Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–Radhushkevich models to detect the adsorption equilibrium phenomena. Reaction kinetics was inspected using pseudo-first-order and second-order kinetic models. Mass transfer and intra-particle diffusion analyses indicate the adsorption mechanism of the system described particularly in the context. Furthermore, scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were conducted to get the morphology and surface properties of the adsorbent, respectively. As a result, the as-prepared banana fiber can be proposed as a cheap suitable adsorbent to separate dyestuffs from industrial wastewater.

Nature is blessed with self-healing properties. Mimicking nature is a traditional practice to innovate new classes of materials for researchers. In this practice, researchers made a revolutionary approach to innovate self-healing polymer (SHP) that can be used to treat damage-related losses. Different SHPs with various properties have been developed for a wide range of applications. SHPs unlocked the key to the taste of real life through their application and versatility in the sectors close to our day-by-day life of this age and the near future. In this study, we reviewed the scopes and prospects of the application of SHPs owing to different properties. Varieties of amazing properties made SHPs fit in different sectors such as construction, paint and coat, electronics, healthcare, textile, and automotive and aerospace. Similarly, due to having suitable functionality, SHPs can also be used in different industries. Therefore, it is high time to generalize the production of SHPs by suitable research and make sure the easy application for the welfare of human civilization and other living creatures.