John Glass

Dr. John Glass

J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
orcid

Research Focus & Metrics

Academic Career Length

47Years (1980-Present)

(Calculated once Scilit publication data is synced: current year − year of first publication + 1)

Representative Publications

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2 July 2010 in Science
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Journal Article
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DGDaniel G. Gibson
Daniel G. Gibson
John GlassJohn Glass
John Glass
CLCarole Lartigue
Carole Lartigue
VNVladimir N. Noskov
Vladimir N. Noskov
RCRay-Yuan Chuang
Ray-Yuan Chuang
JVJ. Craig Venter
J. Craig Venter
Let There Be Life: The DNA sequence information from thousands of genomes is stored digitally as ones and zeros in computer memory. Now, Gibson et al. (p. 52 , published online 20 May; see the cover; see the Policy Forum by Cho and Relman ) have brought together technologies from the past 15 years to start from digital information on the genome of Mycoplasma mycoides to chemically synthesize the genomic DNA as segments that could then be assembled in yeast and transplanted into the cytoplasm of another organism. A number of methods were also incorporated to facilitate testing and error correction of the synthetic genome segments. The transplanted genome became established in the recipient cell, replacing the recipient genome, which was lost from the cell. The reconstituted cells were able to replicate and form colonies, providing a proof-of-principle for future developments in synthetic biology.

25 March 2016 in Science
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Journal Article
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CHClyde A. Hutchison
Clyde A. Hutchison
RCRay-Yuan Chuang
Ray-Yuan Chuang
VNVladimir N. Noskov
Vladimir N. Noskov
NANacyra Assad-Garcia
Nacyra Assad-Garcia
TDThomas J. Deerinck
Thomas J. Deerinck
JVJ. Craig Venter
J. Craig Venter
Designing and building a minimal genome: A goal in biology is to understand the molecular and biological function of every gene in a cell. One way to approach this is to build a minimal genome that includes only the genes essential for life. In 2010, a 1079-kb genome based on the genome of Mycoplasma mycoides (JCV-syn1.0) was chemically synthesized and supported cell growth when transplanted into cytoplasm. Hutchison III et al. used a design, build, and test cycle to reduce this genome to 531 kb (473 genes). The resulting JCV-syn3.0 retains genes involved in key processes such as transcription and translation, but also contains 149 genes of unknown function. Science , this issue p. 10.1126/science.aad6253

1 July 2012 in Cell
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JKJonathan R. Karr
Jonathan R. Karr
JSJayodita C. Sanghvi
Jayodita C. Sanghvi
DMDerek N. Macklin
Derek N. Macklin
MGMiriam V. Gutschow
Miriam V. Gutschow
JJJared M. Jacobs
Jared M. Jacobs
MCMarkus W. Covert
Markus W. Covert

29 February 2008 in Science
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DGDaniel G. Gibson
Daniel G. Gibson
GBGwynedd A. Benders
Gwynedd A. Benders
CACynthia Andrews-Pfannkoch
Cynthia Andrews-Pfannkoch
EDEvgeniya A. Denisova
Evgeniya A. Denisova
HBHolly Baden-Tillson
Holly Baden-Tillson
HSHamilton O. Smith
Hamilton O. Smith
We have synthesized a 582,970–base pair Mycoplasma genitalium genome. This synthetic genome, named M. genitalium JCVI-1.0, contains all the genes of wild-type M. genitalium G37 except MG408, which was disrupted by an antibiotic marker to block pathogenicity and to allow for selection. To identify the genome as synthetic, we inserted “watermarks” at intergenic sites known to tolerate transposon insertions. Overlapping “cassettes” of 5 to 7 kilobases (kb), assembled from chemically synthesized oligonucleotides, were joined by in vitro recombination to produce intermediate assemblies of approximately 24 kb, 72 kb (“1/8 genome”), and 144 kb (“1/4 genome”), which were all cloned as bacterial artificial chromosomes in Escherichia coli . Most of these intermediate clones were sequenced, and clones of all four 1/4 genomes with the correct sequence were identified. The complete synthetic genome was assembled by transformation-associated recombination cloning in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , then isolated and sequenced. A clone with the correct sequence was identified. The methods described here will be generally useful for constructing large DNA molecules from chemically synthesized pieces and also from combinations of natural and synthetic DNA segments.

3 January 2006 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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John GlassJohn Glass
John Glass
NANacyra Assad-Garcia
Nacyra Assad-Garcia
NANina Alperovich
Nina Alperovich
SYShibu Yooseph
Shibu Yooseph
MLMatthew R. Lewis
Matthew R. Lewis
JVJ. Craig Venter
J. Craig Venter
Mycoplasma genitalium has the smallest genome of any organism that can be grown in pure culture. It has a minimal metabolism and little genomic redundancy. Consequently, its genome is expected to be a close approximation to the minimal set of genes needed to sustain bacterial life. Using global transposon mutagenesis, we isolated and characterized gene disruption mutants for 100 different nonessential protein-coding genes. None of the 43 RNA-coding genes were disrupted. Herein, we identify 382 of the 482 M. genitalium protein-coding genes as essential, plus five sets of disrupted genes that encode proteins with potentially redundant essential functions, such as phosphate transport. Genes encoding proteins of unknown function constitute 28% of the essential protein-coding genes set. Disruption of some genes accelerated M. genitalium growth.

1 October 2001 in Journal of Bacteriology
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JHJoAnn Hoskins
JoAnn Hoskins
WAWilliam E. Alborn
William E. Alborn
JAJeffrey Arnold
Jeffrey Arnold
LBLarry C. Blaszczak
Larry C. Blaszczak
SBStanley Burgett
Stanley Burgett
John GlassJohn Glass
John Glass
Streptococcus pneumoniae is among the most significant causes of bacterial disease in humans. Here we report the 2,038,615-bp genomic sequence of the gram-positive bacterium S. pneumoniae R6. Because the R6 strain is avirulent and, more importantly, because it is readily transformed with DNA from homologous species and many heterologous species, it is the principal platform for investigation of the biology of this important pathogen. It is also used as a primary vehicle for genomics-based development of antibiotics for gram-positive bacteria. In our analysis of the genome, we identified a large number of new uncharacterized genes predicted to encode proteins that either reside on the surface of the cell or are secreted. Among those proteins there may be new targets for vaccine and antibiotic development.